GSM Call Setup

Presented By:
Md. Enamul Hoque
Prince
Level:4 Term:2
CSE,CUET
Communication Engineering

GSM Call Setup

AUC
HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

PrePaid
Node

MSC

IN

PSTN
Fixed network

SMSC

INTERNET

PSTN
International

PABX

MSC

BSC

MS
BTS
BSC
HLR
MSC
VLR
AUC

Mobile Station = phone + SIM card

Base Transceiver Station
Base Station Controller
Home Location Register
Mobile services Switching Centre
Visitor Location Register
Authentication Centre
Stand-alone or integrated in HLR
EIR
Equipment Identity Register
For blacklisting stolen and unwanted
equipment
SMSC Short Message Service Support Centre
VMS
Voice Messaging System
PrePaid Node Hosting prepaid service system
IN
Intelligent Network services
PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
PABX Private Automatic Branch Exchange

BSC

VMS

HLR

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

BSC

VMS

HLR

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

BSC

VMS

HLR

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

BSC

VMS

HLR

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

BSC
Base Station Controller

The call request reaches the BSC from the

BTS and is forwarded to MSC.
After call is established, the BSC will perform
decoding of the call (in typical config.)

BSC

VMS

HLR

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

BSC

VMS

HLR

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

BSC

VMS

HLR

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

 Checks A number.
To whom is A subscriber calling?
(Checks B number)
Example : A subscriber has GP prepaid.

MSC
Mobile Switching Centre

BSC

VMS

HLR

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

BSC

VMS

HLR

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

BSC

VMS

HLR

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

 Does the A subscriber have

money left on his/her account?
When the call is established and ongoing the subscribers account is
decremented accordingly.

PrePaid Node

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

PrePaid

MSC

IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

MSC

PrePaid
IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

 Where is the B subscriber?

MSC interrogates in HLR.
(HLR = Home Location Register)

MSC
Mobile Switching Centre

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

MSC

PrePaid
IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

MSC

PrePaid
IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

MSC

PrePaid
IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

 HLR says I am the home of the B subscriber

and I know where he/she is right now (i.e.
which VLR)
Tells this VLR Give me a visitor address
for this subscriber (MSRN)

HLR
Home Location Register

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

MSC

PrePaid
IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

MSC

PrePaid
IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

MSC

PrePaid
IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

MSC

PrePaid
IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

MSC

PrePaid
IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

 Hosting MSC/VLR returns B

subscribers assigned MSRN.

MSC
Mobile Switching Centre

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

MSC

PrePaid
IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

MSC

PrePaid
IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

MSC

PrePaid
IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

MSC

PrePaid
IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

MSC

PrePaid
IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

 Thanks for the visitor address!

I will send this address to the
MSC that requested for it.

HLR
Home Location Register

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

MSC

PrePaid
IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

MSC

PrePaid
IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

MSC

PrePaid
IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

 Thank you, HLR!

Speech connection is set up
towards the MSC/VLR where
the B subscriber is residing.

MSC
Mobile Switching Centre

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

MSC

PrePaid
IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

MSC

PrePaid
IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

MSC

PrePaid
IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

 Setting up a speech connection

towards BSC.

MSC
Mobile Switching Centre

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

MSC

PrePaid
IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

MSC

PrePaid
IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

MSC

PrePaid
IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

 BSC will now send a paging signal

to all the BTSs that it covers.
Coding of speech when call is
established.

BSC
Base Station Controller

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

MSC

PrePaid
IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

 The B subscriber has now many

choices:

He/she may answer.

He/she may be busy.
The mobile (MS) may be forwarded.
The mobile may be turned off or outside coverage area.
And more...

What happens next depends on the B

subscribers condition and what
he/she chooses to do.

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

MSC

PrePaid
IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

HLR

BSC

VMS

EIR

Voicemail

MSC

PrePaid
IN

SMSC
INTERNET

MSC
PSTN
Fixed Network

PSTN
International

PABX

BSC

Thank you!