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FREQUENCY AND
CAPACITY PLANNING
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E-GSM900
124 Channels
FU(n) = 890 + 0.2(n-1024)
FD(n) = Fu(n) + 45 MHz 974 n 1023
49 Channels
n = Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number (ARFCN)
GSM1800
Fu(n) = 1710.2 + 0.2(n-512) MHz
FD(n) = Fl(n) + 95 MHz 512 n 885
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374
channels
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FREQUENCY RE-USE
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FREQUENCY RE-USE
Basic Concept:
Frequency Reuse Cluster
Frequency Reuse Factor
Frequency Reuse Distance
C/I and C/A
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to
estimate
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CALCULATION OF C/I
Pown _ cell
C
6
I
Pi _ BCCH
1
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Frequency Reuse
Ordinary frequency reuse: 43, 33 and more
close 26 and 13.
MRP: different layers adopt different frequency reuse
patterns.
Concentric: the Underlay and Overlay adopt different
frequency reuse patterns respectively.
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A1
A2
C3
A1
A3
B1
B2
D2
C2
D1
D2
B3
A1
C3
B2
D3
C1
C2
B1
C1
B3
A1
A2
C3
D2
A3
B1
C3
C2
D1
D2
A1
D3
4 3 frequency reuse pattern is that each site is divided into 3 sector. 12 frequencies
form a group which are distributed to 4 different sites. Each site owns 3 frequencies.
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A1
A2
C3
A1
A3
B1
B2
A3
B2
C1
C2
B3
C1
B3
A2
C3
A1
A2
A1
C1
A3
B1
B2
A3
B2
B3
C1
C3
C2
A1
A2
A1
A3
3 3 frequency reuse pattern is that each site is divided into 3 sector. 9 frequencies
form a group which are distributed to 3 different sites. Each site owns 3 frequencies.
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TRX
A1
B1
C1
A2
B2
C2
A3
B3
C3
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
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MRP
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MRP
Bandwidth=6 MHz
BCCH FRF=12
TCH1 FRF=9
TCH2
FRF=6 For Microcell
FRF:Frequency Reuse Factor
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MRP Characters
Increase network capacity greatly and decrease average
frequency reuse factor to 8, thus increasing frequency
reuse efficiency greatly.
Flexible channel allocation. Different frequency reuse
pattern may be adopted step by step according to capacity
requirement.
Some carriers can be released for micro-cells.
Should combine with FH, DPC and DTX to lower
interference.
Especially for sites distributed unevenly.
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Concentric
2 2
2
2 2 2 2
2
2
2 2
2
2 2
2
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Concentric
The principle of ordinary concentric is that a cell is divided
into underlay and overlay,
The coverage of Underlay is the same as that of ordinary
cell, while the Overlay use small transmitting power and
thus has smaller coverage.
The frequency reuse factor of overlay differs from that of
underlay.
The BCCH and SDCCH are used by Underlay, in which the
call will be set up.
A brand new switching algorithm should be added.
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Concentric
The absorbing of traffic by overlay is limited by traffic layout and coverage. It will increase the capacity by 10-30%
and is related to traffic distribution.
The overlay is more suitable for outdoor traffic concentrated
in the vicinity of BTSs because of its smaller transmitting
power.
On the condition that the network quality will not be
affected, a closer frequency reuse pattern should be
adopted. At the same time, DPC and DTX technology
should be adopted to ensure network quality.
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2 2 2 2
2
2 2 2 2
2
2
2
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
2
2
2
2
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ZTE University
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IUO
Different from ordinary concentric, the Underlay and
Overlay of IUO both use the same transmitting power.
Because the Overlay adopts closer frequency reuse
pattern, the chances of co-channel and adjacent channel
interference increase.
IUO adopts a handover algorithm based on C/I to solve this
problem.
It functions as follows: the call is established within
Underlay, the BSC continuously monitor the downward C/I
in Overlay. When C/I reaches applicable threshold, the call
will be handed over to Overlay. At the same time, the C/I is
monitored continuously and the call will be handed over to
Underlay if it deteriorates to inapplicable threshold.
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IUO
The implementation of IUO is easy. Little modification is
needed and no special requirement to MSs.
Because of adopting special algorithm on handing over,
measurement and estimation on C/I, the speech quality
can be guaranteed while increasing the system capacity.
Because both Underlay and Overlay have the same
transmitting power, its very suitable for absorbing traffic
inside building which has a strong isolation capability to
radio signal.
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ZTE University
500
1000
2TRXs Overlay
1500 2000
2500 3000
1TRXs Overlay
3500 4000
All overlay
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4500
Subsc./bts
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ZTE University
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