Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

Workshop
You are one in a
billion!

What is the Myers Briggs

Type Indicator (MBTI)?
A tool designed to implement the theories of C. G. Jung , a
Swiss psychiatrist, who developed one of the most
comprehensive theories explaining human personality.
An instrument popularized by Katherine Briggs and Isabel
Briggs Myers to make C. G. Jungs theory of personality
types practical and useful in peoples lives .
Currently it is the most widely utilized personality
preference instrument in the world .
A tool that reflects an individuals preferences, does not
measure abilities, likelihood of success, intelligence, skills,
maturity or mental health.
An extremely useful and practical tool for achieving an
understanding
of oneself
and
the
differences
others .
MBTI and Myers Briggs
Type Indicator
are registered
trademarks of CPP, Inc., Palo Alto,of
CA 94303
Otto Kroeger
Associates 2005

The MBTI is
Non-judgmental: no one right or wrong way
to be. All types are valuable gifts.
A place to begin but not a place to end.
An indicator of preferences. You cast your
vote for the way you prefer to direct your
energy, take in information, make decisions,
and orient your life.
A tool that tells us what we prefer, not
necessarily what we do.

MBTI APPLICATIONS

USES IN ORGANIZATIONS & EDUCATION

-- CAREER DEVELOPMENT & PLANNING
-- LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT
-- TEAM BUILDING
-- COMMUNICATIONS FACILITATION
-- LEARNING STYLE
-- INSTRUCTIONAL STYLE

Helpful in assessing the strengths and blind spots of

organizations and individuals and dealing constructively with
these differences.
Illustrates the value of diversity: helps us appreciate, respect,
and understand why we dont see things the same way.
Helps build an understanding of an organizations norms and
culture.

ENERGY SOURCE

Extraversion

Introversion
TAKE IN INFORMATION

Sensing

iNtuition
MAKE DECISIONS

Thinking

Feeling
L I F E S T YL E O R I E N T AT I O N

Judging

Perceiving

Your four-letter type represents a preference from each of the above

four dichotomies. Here are the sixteen possible combinations:
ISTJ

ISFJ

INFJ

INTJ

ISTP

ISFP

INFP

INTP

ESTP

ESFP

ENFP

ENTP

ESTJ

ESFJ

ENFJ

ENTJ

Otto Kroeger Associates 2005

Ways Of Gaining Energy

Extraversion
- Talk it out

- Interaction
- Say before they think

Introversion
- Think it out
- Reflecting
- Think before they say

E/I Traits
Extrovert
Is often talkative,
easy to get to know
Expresses emotions
Energized by other
people, external
experiences

Introvert
Is often quiet, harder
to get to know
More reserved
Energized by inner
resources, internal
experiences

Good E/I Words

Extraverts (E)
Externally Directed
- People
- Places
- Things

vs.

Introverts (I)

Internally Directed
- Ideas
- Thoughts
- Concepts

Active
Gregarious
Breadth
Expressive
Publicly Disclosing

Reflective
Reserved
Depth
Contained
Publicly Guarded

Speak-to-think

Think-to-speak

Otto Kroeger Associates 2005

Ways of Taking in Information

Sensing
-

Focus on facts
Literal
Trees
Often Trust Experience

Intuition
-

Focus on Patterns
Figurative &Theoretical
ForestBig Picture
Often Trust Hunches

S/N Traits
Sensing
Looks at specific parts
and pieces
Likes things that are
measurable, definite
Works hands-on with
the parts to see the
overall design

Intuition
Looks at patterns and
relationships
Likes opportunities for
being inventive
Studies the overall
design to see how the
parts fit together

Good S/N Words

Sensors (S)

vs.

iNtuitives (N)

Present Focus

Future Focus

Facts

Possibilities

Specifics

Generalizations

Perspiration

Inspiration

Details

Patterns

Literal

Figurative

Concrete

Symbolic

5 Senses

6th Sense

Otto Kroeger Associates 2005

How Do You Make Decisions?

Thinking
- Logical
- Objective

Feeling
- Harmonious
- Subjective
- Impact on people

T/F Traits
Thinking
Head
Justice
Logic
Good at
analyzing plans

Feeling
Heart
Relationships
Personal
convictions
Good at
understanding
people

Good T/F Words

Thinkers (T)
Objective
Cause-Effect
Logic
Clarity
Analytical
Problem 1st
People 2nd
Critique
Justice
Otto Kroeger Associates 2005

vs.

Feelers (F)

Subjective
Person-Centered
Values
Harmony
Circumstantial
People 1st
Problem 2nd
Appreciate
Mercy

How Do You Live Your Life?

Judging
- Planned/Orderly
- Closure/Decisions

Perception
- Spontaneous
- Flexible/Adaptable

J/P Traits
Judging
Plans in advance
Sets deadlines
Likes being
decisive
Enjoys clear limits
Structure

Perceiving
Limited planning
Likes surprises
Explores without
limits
Likes going with
the flow
Curious

Good J/P Words

Judgers (J)

vs. Perceivers (P)

Closure

Options

Structured

Open-ended

Planned

Go-with-the-flow

Decisive

Tentative

Scheduled

Flexible

Control

Adapt

Directive

Facilitative

Otto Kroeger Associates 2005

The Type Table Columns/The of Type

ST

SF

NF

NT

The practical and

matter-of-fact types

The sympathetic
and friendly types

The enthusiastic
and insightful
types

The logical and

ingenious types

Learning is most

Learning is most
meaningful

Learning is most
meaningful

Learning is most

meaningful

when it has practical

applications

when it provides
helpful resources

meaningful

when it empowers
personal growth

when it promotes
thinking outside the
box
Motivated by
Motivated by
Motivated by
Motivated by
learning
learning
learning
learning
environments that
environments that
environments that environments that
are organized, with
are organized, with
encourage creativity let me experiment
clear expectations and clear expectations and and self-expression
with my ideas
efficient feedback.
personal feedback
Prefer teachers who Prefer teachers who
are businesslike
are friendly and
and efficient
helpful
-Gives examples of
how to do things.
-Tells me why Im
learning something.
-Flows logically and
builds sequentially on

Prefer teachers
who are creative
and personal

Prefer teachers
who are grounded
in research

-Is personally
experiences.
meaningful.
-Shows me that what -Lets me follow my
Im learning is helpful. own ideas.
-Builds sequentially on -Gives me choices of
what I know.
how to do

-Is intellectually
challenging.
-Encourages
inventiveness and
originality.
-Builds ideas through

-Personalizes

Learning Styles Associated

with
Each Preference

E Extraversion

Learn best when in action.

Value physical activity.
Like to study with others.
Say theyre high in verbal and
interpersonal skills.
Say they need training in reading and
writing papers.
Background sounds help them study
or dont bother them.
Want faculty who encourage class
discussion.

I Introversion

Learn best when pausing to think.

Value reading.
Prefer to study individually.
Say theyre below average in verbal
expression.
Say they need training in public
speaking.
Need quiet for concentration.
Want faculty who give clear lectures.

Learning Styles Associated

with
Each Preference
S Sensing

Seek specific information

Memorize facts
Value what is practical
Follow instructions
Like hands-on experience
Trust material as presented
Want faculty who give clear
assignments

N Intuition

Seek quick insights

Use imagination to go beyond facts
Value what is original
Create their own directions
Like theories to give perspective
Read between the lines
Want faculty who encourage
independent thinking

Learning Styles Associated

with
Each Preference
T Thinking

Want objective material to study

Logic guides learning
Like to critique new ideas
Can easily find flaws in an
argument
Learn by challenge and debate
Want faculty who make logical
presentations

F Feeling

Want to be able to relate to the

material personally
Personal values are important
Like to please instructors
Can easily find something to
appreciate
Learn by feeling supported and
appreciated
Want faculty who establish
personal rapport with
students

Learning Styles Associated

with
Each Preference
J Judging

P Perceiving

Like formal instructions for solving

problems
Value dependability
Plan work well in advance
Work steadily toward goals
Like to be in charge of events
Drive toward closure
Want faculty to be organized

Like to solve problems informally

Value change
Work spontaneously
Work impulsively with bursts of
energy
Like to adapt to events
Stay open to new information
Want faculty to be entertaining
and inspiring

MBTI and Major Choice

ST

SF

NF

NT

Focus On: Facts

Focus On: Facts

Focus On:
Possibilities

Focus On:
Possibilities

Ability used in:

technical skills with
facts & objects

Ability used in:

practical help and
services for people

Ability used in:

understanding and
communicating

Ability used in:

theoretical and
technical
development

Handle with: applying

facts and experience

Handle with: meeting

the daily needs of
people

Handle with:
understanding the
aspirations of people

Handle with:
developing theoretical
concepts

Academic majors
focusing on: Applied
sciences, business
administration,
accounting and
banking, law
enforcement, skilled
trades, engineering,
construction

Academic majors
focusing on: Health
care, community
service, teaching,
supervision,
religious work,
office work, sales

Academic majors
focusing on:
Counseling and
human services,
psychology,
behavioral science,
literature, art &
music, humanities,
health care,
teaching

Academic majors
focusing on: Physical
science, research,
management,
computers, law

The Temperaments: A Summary

David Keirseys 2 letter Temperament combinations (NF, NT, SJ, SP)
give the widest behavioral prediction with the highest accuracy.
4 TYPES

TEMPERAMENT

QUEST

STYLE

ACHILLES HEEL

ENFJ
INFJ
ENFP
INFP

NF

Identity

Catalyst

Guilt

ENTJ
INTJ
ENTP
INTP

NT

Competency

Visionary

Incompetence

SJ

Belonging to
Stabilizer or
Meaningful
Traditionalist
Institutions

SP

Trouble
Shooter
or Negotiator

ESTJ
ISTJ
ESFJ
ISFJ
ESTP
ISTP
ESFP
ISFP
Otto Kroeger Associates 2005

Action

Disarray or
Disorganization

Routine or
Inactivity

Temperament
PATHWAYS

PITFALLS

N
F

Powerful people motivators

Empathic
Aware of others feelings
Powerful persuaders
Authority in the person(s)

N
T

Powerful conceptualizers
System planners
Competent and consistent
Firm minded and fair
Authority in being competent

Mental gymnastics/game players

Can miss immediate
Complex and theoretical cannot give a
simple answer
Impersonal and aloof
They determine and define competency

S
J

Powerful administrators
Precise
Take charge
Hold subordinates/system accountable
- Dont reward whats expected
Authority is in organization/system

Nit pickers
Rigid
Do the wrong thing
See the negative, not the positive
Upward accountability-The boss or the
system made me do it

S
P

Can create problems when none to solve

Low interest beyond practical
Get bored easily
Low follow through
Vague definition of authority

Powerful problem solvers

Immediate/resourceful
Grounded/hands-on
Quick starters
Authority is in the moment

Otto Kroeger Associates 2005

Carry/rescue everybody
Guilt ridden
Avoid conflict, bullet biting
Grudge carriers
Flounder when person(s) fails