Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
An
are the Wien bridge oscillator and the phaseshift oscillator, both of which employ RC
feedback networks. The Wien bridge offers
some very attractive features, including a
straightforward design, a relatively pure sinewave output, and a very stable frequency.
Wien Bridge
The
Contd
The basic Wien bridge oscillator is shown in Fig. 1-2.
Contd
Where
Z1 R1 j / C1
Z2
R 2 ( j / C 2 )
jR 2
R 2 j / C 2 j R 2C 2
Z3 = R3
Z4expressions
= R4
Substituting the appropriate
into Eq. 1-2 yields
R1
j
jR2
R4
C1
j R2C2
R3
(1-3)
Contd
if the bridge is balanced both the magnitude and
R 4 R 2 C1
(1-4)
1
C 2 R1
(1-5)
Contd
Where 2f
6)
1
f
2 (C1 R1C 2 R 2 ) 1 / 2
(1-
R3
2
7)
R4
(1-
Contd
and from Eq. 1-6 we obtain
1
f
2RC
(1-8)
Where
f = frequency of oscillation of the circuit in
Hertz
C = capacitance in farads
R = resistance in ohms
EXAMPLE 1-1
Determine the frequency of oscillation of the Wien
Solution
Using Eq. 1-8. we compute the frequency
as
f
1
2RC
(2 ) (6k) (0.003 F )
8.885 kHz
Wein Bridge
It can be shown, by using ordinary ac circuit analysis
EXAMPLE 1-2
Design a Wien bridge oscillator around the
following specifications:
F = 15 kHz
Vcc = 10V
/in = 1
/R4 = 100/in
Solution
If the peak value of the sinusoidal
100 A
90 k
Contd
Therefore
3R4 = 90
R4 = 30
and
R3 = 2R4 = 60
Wein Bridge
We arrived at Eq. 1-7 by letting R1 = R2 = R.
354 pF
(2 ) (15kHz ) (30k)
Contd
The Wien bridge oscillator is widely used in audio
Contd
Contd
The
Vi
Vo
1
1
2
(RC )
1
6
RC
)
RC
3
(1-9)
Contd
If the phase shift of the feedback
0
zero
or
3
(RC ) RC
Contd
The
by
substituting 2
for
in Eq. 1-10 and
solving for the frequency. The result is
f
(10-11)
6RC
Contd
We can express Eq. 1-11 as
1
2f
6 RC
(1-12)
or
(1-13)
1
6 RC
(1-14)
Vi
1
V 2 1 5 / (1 / 6) j (6 6 6 6
Contd
or
V
1
1
i
V o 1 5 x 6 29
(1-15)
EXAMPLE 1-3
Determine the frequency of oscillation of a
Solution
Using Eq. 1-11. we can compute the
frequency Of oscillation as
1
f
2 6 RC
1
50 Hz
(2 6 ) (13) (100 F )
Contd
The phase-shift oscillator is useful for noncritical