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For preschool
children, the
impairment is not
evident in the written
form, since they have
not started formal
COMMUNICATION DISORDERS
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estimated that one in every 10 Americans, across all ages, races and
genders, has experienced or lived with some type of communication disorder
(including speech, language and hearing disorders).
What is stuttering?
Stuttering, sometimes referred to as stammering or diffluent speech, is a speech
disorder. This may include repeating words or phrases, poor pronunciation of words,
leaving out words or sounds and speaking some words that are hard to recognize.
True stuttering may occur in a child who has some normal developmental speech
problems but is pressured to speak better. This child then becomes aware of his or
her speech and struggles to speak better, which actually makes the speech worse.
While every child is different and will learn to speak at different times, the following
are some of the speech styles that are part of true stuttering:
Repeating words, sounds, or syllables.
Talking slowly or with a lot of pauses.
The rate of speech is not even.
An increase in the stuttering when the child is tired, excited or under stress.
A child that is afraid to talk
attention
memory
problem solving
reasoning
organizing
planning
awareness of deficits
Symptoms
difficulties in the areas of language, social interaction skills,
attention and perception as well as thinking skills.
Individuals with cognitive-communication disorder may exhibit:
socially inappropriate or impulsive behaviour, e.g. saying things
to the wrong
person at the wrong time
inappropriate conversational behaviours, e.g. talking non-stop,
going off topic
difficulty understanding complex material e.g. humour.
difficulty expressing and interpreting emotions
difficulty solving problems and making judgments
poor attention, easily distracted
poor insight
Treatment
Language skills:
Receptive language (understanding what you hear or read)
Expressive language (conveying your ideas effectively though
speaking or writing)
Results of this testing will help identify your areas of ability and
focus treatment on areas of weakness.
Therapy to address each of the above areas can help to improve
skills in these areas or provide you with strategies to help you
compensate for these acquired difficulties.
Treatment is typically individualized and based on your specific
needs and goals, such as resuming school or returning to work.