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CAR WIPER

MECHANISM

Introduction
The wipers combine two mechanical
technologies to perform their task:
A
combinationelectric
motorandworm
gearreduction provides power to the
wipers.
A linkage converts the rotational output of
the motor into the back-and-forth motion of
the wipers.

Motor and Gear Reduction

In order to generate this type of force to


accelerate the wiper blades back and forth
across the windshield quickly. aworm gearis
used on the output of a small electric motor.

The
wormgear
reductioncan
multiply
thetorqueof the motor by about 50 times,
while slowing the output speed of the electric
motor by 50 times as well. The output of the
gear reduction operates a linkage that moves
the wipers back and forth.

Inside
the
motor/gear
assembly
is
anelectronic circuitthat senses when the
wipers are in their down position. The circuit
maintains power to the wipers until they are
parked at the bottom of the windshield,
then cuts the power to the motor. This
circuit also parks the wipers between wipes
when they are on their intermittent setting.

Linkage

A shortcamis attached to the output shaft


of the gear reduction. This cam spins
around as the wiper motor turns. The cam is
connected to a long rod; as the cam spins, it
moves the rod back and forth. The long rod
is connected to a short rod that actuates
the wiper blade on the driver's side. Another
long rod transmits the force from the driverside to the passenger-side wiper blade.

Wiper Blades

Pivot Points

Wiper Blade Types

Wiper Controls

Wiper Advancements

A new type of wiper system is starting to appear on cars


that actually does a good job of detecting the amount of
water on the windshield and controlling the wipers.
One such system is made by TRW Inc system.
TRW Inc. uses optical sensors to detect the moisture.
The sensor is mounted in contact with the inside of the
windshield, near the rearview mirror.
The sensor projects infrared light into the windshield at
a 45degree angle. If the glass is dry, most of this light is
reflected back into the sensor by the front of the
windshield. If water droplets are on the glass, they
reflect the light in different directions the wetter the
glass, the less light makes it back into the sensor.

The electronics and software in the sensor


turn on the wipers when the amount of light
reflected onto the sensor decreases to a
preset level. The software sets the speed of
the wipers based on how fast the moisture
builds up between wipes. It can operate the
wipers at any speed. The system adjusts the
speed as often as necessary to match with
the rate of moisture accumulation.

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