A COMMUNICATION MODEL FOR

DESIRED RELIABILITY IN WSNS

1

BY
:
GUIDED BY :

ATUL CHAVAN
PROF. SAMBHAJI SARODE

Agenda
2

Introduction
Motivation
Literature Survey
Technology
Our Contribution
Limitations
Application
Scope
Conclusion
Reference

Introduction
3

What is Wireless Sensor Network ?

Node Architecture.

What is Wireless Sensor Network ?

4

Network of Spatially distributed autonomous sensors

Monitors physical or environmental conditions

Typical Architecture Of Node

5

Motivation
6

In recent years the use of WSNs has been hiked exponentially.

A deep study is needed to let WSN serve several applications

smoothly with their own distinct requirements .

Due to day by day various distinct requirements of

applications new challenges are emerging in this technology.

Amongst all the certain distinct requirements reliability is a

obvious common requirement of any application.

Differentiated Reliability For Wireless Multimedia Sensor Network

By
Nestor Michael C. Tiglao & Antonio M. Grilo
7

To comply with the memory limitations of tiny nodes without

compromising throughput in WMSNs.

A DTSN differentiated reliability extension is proposed , allowing the

source to memorize only the most important packets

Methodology
8

Node 0

Sender

Node 1 & Node 2

:
Caches

Intermediate

Node 3

Receiver

Window Size

6 Packets

Base layer Packets

(1,2,3)

Enhance layer Packet :

(4,5,6)

Distributed Optimal Rate-Reliability-Lifetime Tradeoff in TimeVarying Wireless Sensor Networks by Weiqiang Xu, Qingjiang Shi et al.
9

Paper is based on Network Utility Maximization Framework

(NUM).
Issue of Optimal Rate-Reliability-Lifetime tradeoff with time

varying channel capacity constraint, reliability constraint, & energy

constraint has been addressed
A weight parameter has been introduced to combine the

optimization objectives of rate, reliability, & lifetime into a single

objective to characterize the tradeoff.
System uses Stochastic Subgradient Algorithm to update new price.

Stochastic Subgradient Algorithm

10

Algorithm does not need prior knowledge of probability distribution of

system state
It only requires the information of the system state at the current

iteration.
At each iteration at each sensor node this algorithm calculates

following parameters

Congestion price update

Reliability price update
Energy consumption price update

Improving Energy Saving & Reliability in WSNs using Simple CRTBased Packet-Forwarding Solution
11

Proposed approach relies on a packet-splitting algorithm based on the

chinese remainder theorem (CRT).

Defines a novel approach that splits the original message into several

packets such that each node in network will forward only small
subpackets which causes less power consumption
Splitting procedure is achieved by applying the CRT algorithm.
The sink node once all sub packets received, will recombine them.

Improving Energy Saving & Reliability in WSNs using Simple CRTBased Packet-Forwarding Solution
12

Literature Survey
13

Paper Title

Approach

Pros

Cons

Differentiated
Reliability for
Wireless Multimedia
Sensor
Networks,2012 , IEEE

Allowing source to
memorize only the
important packets to
comply with memory
limitations

Energy Efficient,
Flow Control,
Error Recovery

Reliability is less
No mechanism for
congestion avoidance,
Protocol is not adaptive

Improving Energy Saving

& reliability in WSN using
a simple CRT-based
packet-forwarding
solution,2011 IEEE
Transaction.

Packet splitting algorithm

based on the Chinese
Reminder Theorem (CRT)

Reliability ,
Energy Efficiency is
improved,

No provision to deal with

congestion & flow control,

Literature Survey
14

Paper Title

Approach

Distributed Optimal RateReliability-Lifetime Tradeoff

in Time-Varying Wireless
Sensor Networks by
Weiqiang Xu, Qingjiang Shi
et al.
IEEE 1536-1276 2013

Stochastic Subgradient
Algorithm

RETP : Reliable Event

Transmission Protocol in a
Wireless Sensor
network,2013 IEEE
International Conference

Real-Time & Reliable

Transmission (RRT)
algorithm

Pros
Addresses rate-reliabilitylifetime tradeoff

Cons
No consideration of
enough parameters
while dealing with
power effiency.
At each iteration each
sensor has to run algo
(Overhead)
No loss recovery.
No Error checking
mechanism .

Detects real time events &

forward those packets reliably

Not energy efficient.

Our Contribution
15

None of the recently mentioned work dealing with variable reliability

being dynamic.
No generic model which offers required reliability efficiency by the

application.
Application

Requirements

Precision Farming

Need to prolong life time of n/w ,slowly

we can increase reliability, data rate is
least bothered.

Rescue / Disaster relief

High data rate & reliability, n/w life is

not a matter of issue

Temperature

Reliability can be compromised

Architectural Diagram
16

Sense
ADC

Store block by block

Packet Generation
P1
P2
.
.
Pn

BASE
STATION

Receiver
Store

MY
SQL

Packet Format
17

Packet Type Hop count Event type Payload

Source Dest

# (1 byte): Start & End Delimiter

Source & Dest (16 byte each) : Sender & receivers node address of 2 byte each
Packet No (1 byte) : Each packet is numbered & size of this field is 1 byte.
Retry (1 byte) : Indicate if curret packet is retransmission of previous packet.
LQI (1 byte) : Link quality identifier
Packet Type ( 1 byte) : Identifies what category a certain packet falls
Hop Count (1 byte ): Keeps track of hope count
Event Type ( 1 byte) : Identifies the type of packet
Payload ( 24 byte size) : Actual data of packet.

Packet No Retry

LQI

Technology/Platform
18

Operating System : Windows/Linux

Micro Controller

: MSP430 (Texas Instruments)

OR
JN5168

Zigbee Module (RF Signal )

Secondary Memory
Language : C

Scope
19

To achieve variable reliability.

To address energy consumption issue at some

extend.
To set variable reporting rate.

Applications
20

Industrial control & monitoring

Home automation
Security & military surveillance
Environmental sensing
Health care

Limitations
21

Requires More Memory .

No Priority Consideration .
No Congestion Control Mechanism.

Conclusion
22

WSNs dealing with many new applications to satisfy their own

requirements. A lot of research has already been done to make efficient
use of WSNs scarce resources.
To bring more reliability it is necessary now to make existing systems
more general & more variable up to certain extend . Any application often
need reliability but the question is up to what level ? It is important to
bring some intelligence in WSNs as well as to hike its dynamic ability
while dealing with distinct requirements of certain applications.
So we are hoping our idea of variable reliability which offers not only
reliability but offers a desire reliability with energy efficiency would
contribute optimality & intelligence up to certain level in WSN.

References
23

1] Nestor Michael C. Tiglao ,Antonio M. Grilo Differentiated Reliability for Wireless

Multimedia Sensor Networks, 978-1-4673-1544-9/12/$31.00 2012 IEEE
2] Improving Energy Saving & reliability in WSN using a simple CRT-based packet-forwarding
solution,2011 IEEE Transaction.
3] Weiqiang Xu, Qingjiang Shi et al.,Distributed Optimal Rate-Reliability-Lifetime Tradeoff
in Time-Varying Wireless Sensor Networks,1536-1276 2013 IEEE
4] RETP : Reliable Event Transmission Protocol in a Wireless Sensor network,2013 IEEE
International Conference