M . Tech.

THESIS SYNOPSIS
INVESTIGATION OF SHEAR STRENGTH OF
CONCRETE BY REPLACEMENT OF COARSE
AGGREGATES AND FINE AGGREGATES BY
RECYCLED COARSE AGGREGATES AND
BOTTOM ASH
BY : CHANDER SHEIKHAR
SINGLA
SE-1311849

Guide : Dr. H.S. Rai

Co- Guide : Prof. K.S. Bedi

CONCRETE WASTE
Concrete is the worlds second most
consumed material after water. About
48 million tonnes per annum solid
waste is produced in india ,which has
14.5 million tones from construction
waste. Only 3% used in embankments.

DEMOLITION WASTE

Out of total Construction demolition

waste
40% is concrete
30% Ceramics
5% Plastics and 5% Metal
10% Wood and 10% other mixtures

AGGREGATE REQUIREMENT
FOR CONCRETE
For Concrete Production 70-75%
aggregates are required.
Out of it
60- 67 % are Coarse Aggregates
33- 40% are Fine Aggregates

ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS
For Production of Natural Aggregates
of 1 tonne , emission of Carbon is
0.0046 tonne.
For Production of Recycled
Aggregates of 1 tonne , emission of
Carbon is 0.0024 tonne.

ECO-ENVIRONMENTAL
CONCERNS

Recycling reduces the cost by about

34- 41% and Carbon dioxide emission
by 23-28%.

SECONDARY RECYCLED
MATERIALS WHICH CAN BE
USED AS AGGREGATES IN
CONCRETE
1.Glass
2.Slags
3.Mining and Quarry Waste
4.By Products from Power Plants
5.Rubber
6.Polystrene Concrete
7.Wood Chip Conrete

BOTTOM ASH
Large amount of ash is being
produced in industry and specifically
in Power Plants . Presently ,only part
of it in form of Fly ash is being used
in cement production and rest of ash
in of no use and hence disposed off
here and there causing a major threat
to the environment.

BOTTOM ASH AS
PARTIAL REPLACEMENT
TO FINE AGGREGATES
Research work is going on
worldwide for the judicial use of
bottom ash. One alternative being
worked is its use as partial
replacement to fine aggregates in
concrete production

LITRETURE REVIEW
Authors

DESCRIPTION OF
STUDY

OUTCOME

Paine K A , et
al (2011)

Use of Recycled and

Secondary aggregates in
concrete: Engineering
and environmental
considerations

Determination of consistency of
quality of recycled aggregates
generated from washing plants, show
that water quality affects of using RSA
in construction are within the limits
set for natural aggregates. The effects
of RSA on the strength and
deformation characteristics of
concrete and develop performance
related approaches towards the
appropriate standardization and
specifications of RSA in concrete

Parekh D.
N,et al
(2011)

Assessment of Recycled
Aggregate Concrete

Concrete made with this type of

coarse aggregates can have
mechanical properties similar to those
of conventional concretes and even
high- concrete is nowadays a possible
goal for this environmentally sound

Authors

DESCRIPTION OF
STUDY

OUTCOME

M Laxmipathy .et
al(2011)

Feasibility studies on the

use of recycled
aggregates in structural
concrete elements

The initiation of local construction

wastes is generally not so common
since the resulatant concrete is of
lower in its properties. In this work , a
methodology for the treatment of
recycled coarse aggregates from the
concrete waste, is developed.The
evaluation of the treated recycled
aggregate is carried out by testing
invidual aggregates and slabs,beams
and columns.The results indicated
that the concrete waste can be
utilized for making fresh concrete
after treatment.

Silva R.V. et al
( 2010),

Properties and
composition of recycled
aggregates from
construction and
demolition waste
suitable for concrete
production

Proposed a performance-based
classification for theuse of RA in
concrete construction, based on their
physical properties.Selective
demolition should be promoted and
enforced whenever possible to obtain
material with minimum level of
contamination.The composition and

Authors

DESCRIPTION OF
STUDY

OUTCOME

Singh Malkit, et
al (2011)

Compressive strength,
drying shrinkage and
chemical resistance of
concrete incorporating
coal bottom ash as
partial or total
replacement of sand

The test results indicate that bottom

ash concrete exhibit better
dimensional stability, slightly better
resistance to sulphuric acid attack as
compared to conventional concrete.
Performance of bottom ash concrete
under sulphate attack was almost
identical to that by control concrete.
Bottom ash concrete showed better
resistance to chloride ion penetration.

Singh Malkit , et
al
(2011)

Effect of coal bottom ash Effect of coal bottom ash on the

as partial replacement of properties of concrete such as
sand on properties of
workability, bleeding, setting times,
concrete
compressive strength, split tensile
strength, flexural strength, shrinkage,
and durability are presented . Use of
coal bottom ash (CBA) in concrete,
properties of coal bottom ash and its
applications and effects of CBA on
properties of fresh concrete,
mechanical and durability properties

OBJECTIVES
The principle objective of the proposed
research work is to study the shear
strength property of the concrete formed
by replacing the natural coarse and
natural fine aggregates in partial by the
coarse aggregates recovered from
recycled concrete and the bottom ash
recovered from the coal ash.
Although properties like bulk specific
gravity and bulk density of recycled
aggregates and bottom ash will be
examined and thereafter their different
proportion replacement mixes will be

OBJECTIVES
To find Bulk specific gravity, Bulk density
of recycled coarse aggregates , Bottom
ash and their comparison with those of
natural aggregates.
To find the Shear strength of different
proportion replaced mix concrete.
To find the Compressive strength of
different proportion replaced mix
concrete.
To study effect on Water absorption in
different proportion replaced mix
concrete.
To find effect on Abrasion for different

METHODOLOGY
First the mix will be prepared of concrete M 25

Tests on cement
Standard consistency test
Specific gravity test

Tests on Natural Fine aggregates, Coarse aggregates

Sieve Analysis
Bulk Density
Bulk Specific Gravity

Also Tests on Recycled Coarse aggregates and bottom

ash
Sieve Analysis
Bulk Density
Bulk Specific Gravity

METHODOLOGY
The different proportion mixes will be prepared by
replacing the coarse aggregates by recycled coarse
aggregates and fine aggregates by bottom ash in the
ratios varying from 0% to 100%.The shear strength will
be evaluated by also variation in the percentage of steel
by 1% and 2% provided thereon.
Tests on Modified Concrete ( As per Indian standards)

Compressive Strength Test ( On 150 mm size cubes )

Water Absorption Test
( On 150 mm size cubes )
Abrasion Test
( On 70 mm size cubes )
Shear Strength Test
( On beam specimens of size
1001001000 mm )

These samples will be demoulded after 24 hours and curing will be done
for 28 days.

Samples To be Casted for

Testing
S.
No.

Percentage
Replacement of
Fine Aggregates
by Bottom Ash

Percentage
Replacement of
Coarse Aggregates
by Recycled Coarse
Aggregates

No. of
Cubes

No. of
Beam
s

1.

0%

0%

2.

10 %

10 %

3.

20 %

20%

4.

30 %

30 %

5.

40 %

40 %

6.

50 %

50 %

Total No. of
Samples for

References
1. Akmal S. Abdelfatah and Sami W. Tabsh Review of Research on and
Implementation of
Recycled Concrete Aggregate in the GCC Advances in Civil
Engineering Volume 2011 (2011), Article ID 567924.
2. K.A.Paine,RK Dhir, H S Rai, et al Use of recycled and secondary
aggregates in concrete:
Engineering and environmental considerations in proceedings of
Concrete for high
performance sustainable infrastructure 2011
3. R K Dhir ,K A Paine,et al Use of Recycled and secondary aggregates in
concrete: an
overview in proceedings of New Development in concrete construction
2011
4. MLaxmipathi and others Feasibility studies on the use of Recycled
aggregates in structural concrete elementsin proceedings of Concrete
for high performance sustainable infrastructure 2011
5. MirjanaMaleev, VlastimirRadonjanin and SneanaMarinkovi Recycled
Concrete as
Aggregate for Structural Concrete
Productionwww.mdpi.com/journal/sustainability
30 April 2010.

.
8. Y P Gupta USE Of Recycled Aggregate In Concrete
Construction:A Need For
Sustainable Environment 34th Conference on OUR WORLD IN
CONCRETE &
STRUCTURES: 16 18 August 2009, Singapore
International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology
(IJERT) Vol. 2 Issue
1, January- 2013 ISSN: 2278-0181 8 8. Best Practice Guide for
the use of
Recycled Aggregates in New Concrete published by the
Cement & Concrete
Association of New Zealand (CCANZ) in October 2011.
9. The Institution Recycling Network Mark Lennon Recycling
Construction And
Demolition Wastes A Guide for Architects and Contractors April
2005
10. F. A. Mirza and M. A. Saif, Mechanical properties of recycled
aggregate
concrete incorporating silica fume, in Proceedings of the 2nd
International