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LIMITING REACTANT
Start with what is given, calculate the amount of product that can be
theoretically made but do it twice (once for each reactant):
5.00g Na (1 mole Na) ( 2 mole Na2O)( 62 g Na2O) = 6.74 g of Na2O
23 g Na
4 mole Na
1 mol Na O
2
1 mole O
1 mol Na O
2
Notice you can not have two different masses produced for the same
product in one reaction vessel! So in this case, Na (sodium) limits
how much sodium oxide is produced. The correct answer is 6.74 g of
sodium oxide.
LIMITING REACTANT
There are two methods used to answer this question. The Law of
Conservation of mass and Stoichiometry.
The amount of O2 used to make 6.74 g of Na2O is calculated by:
mole Na
1 mole O
32 g O
5.00g Na (123
)
(
) = 1.74 g of O2 was used
2)(
g Na
4 mole Na 1 mol O2
2
LIMITING REACTANT
How many grams of solid are formed when
10.0 g of lead reacts with 10.0 g of
phosphoric acid?
Pb3(PO4)2 (s) + 3 H2 (g)
Start with what3isPb+2
given H
but
do 4it
twice:
3PO
10.0g Pb (1 mole Pb) ( 1 mole Pb3(PO4)2)(811 g Pb3(PO4)2) = 13.1 g Pb3(PO4)2
207 g
3 mole Pb
1 mole Pb (PO )
3
42
Wrong
10.0g H3PO4 (1 mole H3PO4)( 1 mol Pb3(PO4)2)(811 g Pb3(PO4)2)=41.4 g Panswer
b (PO )
98 g
2 mole H PO 1 mole Pb (PO )
3
4 2
42
You can not have two different answers for one question so in this
case lead limits how much lead(II) phosphate that can be
produced. The correct answer is 13.1 g.