What We Hope You Learn by

the End of this Presentation:

What is a polygon?
What are the different types of
polygons?
What is a congruent polygon?
What is a similar polygon?
What are some examples of these
polygons?

A polygon is a plane having three or more

sides.

Convex polygon: all the sides are pushed

outward.
Concave polygon: at least two sides are
pushed inward.
Regular polygon: all the sides have the
same length and their angles are all the
same size.

Take a minute to match the

name up with the figure . . .

fact:

Congruent polygons are polygons

that have the same size and the
same shape.

fact:

Congruent shapes have all their

sides and angles congruent.

Notice how the second

figures have the same shape
and size of the first they
match exactly.

Now we are going to take a

look at similar polygons . . .

Can you find the similar

matches?

Can you find similar polygons?

Same shape

(1) Triangle

(2) Rectangle

Different size

(3) Pentagon

(4) Hexagon
(5) Octagon

Angle does not change

Reduction

Enlargement

Now, lets define similar !!

Definition:
Figures that have exactly same shape
are called similar figures.

Properties:
(1) In polygons, the size of angles does not change.
(2) One figure is an enlargement or reduction of the
other.
(3) Congruent figures are similar because they gave
the same shape.

How can we know the length of

sides in similar figures?
If two figures are similar, one figure is an
enlargement of the other. The size-change
factor tells the amount of enlargement or
reduction.
Example 1: If a copy machine is used to copy a drawing or picture, the
copy will be similar to the original.

Original

Copy

Original

Copy

Original

Copy

Exact Copy

Enlargement

Reduction

Copy machine set to 100%

Copy machine is set to 200%

Copy machine is set to 50%

Size-change factor is 1X

Size-change factor is

2X

Size-change factor is

1
x
2

Example 2: The triangles CAT and DOG are similar. The larger
triangle is an enlargement of the smaller triangle. How long is
side GO?
T

G
2cm

1.5cm

?cm
A

3cm
O

3cm
6cm
D

Each side and its enlargement

form a pair of sides called
corresponding sides.
(1) Corresponding side of TC --> GD
(2) Corresponding side of CA-->

DO

(3) Corresponding side of TA-->

GO

Length of
corresponding
sides

GD=3
TC=1.5

DO=6
CA=3

GO=?
TA=2

Ratio of Lengths

3/1.5=2

6/3=2

?/2=2

The size-change factor is 2x.

G
?cm

T
2cm

3cm

1.5cm

3cm

6cm

(1) Each side in the larger triangle is twice the size of

the corresponding side in the smaller triangle.
(2) Now, lets find the length of side GO
i) What side is corresponding side of GO? TA
ii) What is the size-change factor? 2X
iii) Therefore, GO= size-change factor x TA
iv) So, GO= 2 x 2 = 4 cm

What we just learned

about similar polygons ?
Not change angle

Different size
Same shape

Similar polygons

Corresponding side

Size-change factor

Example 1: Quadrangles ABCD and EFGH are similar.

How long is side AD? How long is side GH?

(1) What is size-change factor?

(2) What is corresponding side
of AD ? EH
(3) How long is side AD? AD = 5

12 4= 3 & 18
6=3

15 cm
E

?cm

? cm

12cm

(4) What is corresponding side

of GH? CD
(5) How long is side GH? 7 x 3 = GH, GH = 21
7cm

4cm

6cm

18 cm

Example 2 : Figure MORE is similar to Figure SALT.

Select the right answer with the one of
the given values below.
(1) The length of segment TL.
a. 6 cm b. 6.5 cm c. 7 cm d. 7.5 cm
(2) ER corresponds to this segment.
a. TS b. TL c. AL d. SA
(3) EM corresponds to this segment.
a. TS b. TL c. SA d. AL
(4) The length of segment MO.
a. 6 cm b. 6.5 cm c. 7 cm d. 7.5 cm

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A polygon is a plane having three or more sides.

Congruent polygons are polygons that have

congruent
congruent
the same size
and the
same shape.

Similar polygons are polygons that have

similar
the same
shape. similar