ROAD NOTE METHOD NO.

4, DOE AND
HIGH STRENGTH PERFORMANCE OF
CONCRETE
Ramya 14MST1019
Namratha
14MST1043
Vaishnavi
14MST1046

ROAD NOTE METHOD NO 4

Ramya 14MST1019

MIX DESIGN

The process of selecting suitable ingredients

of concrete and determining their relative

quantities

The purpose of producing an economical

concrete which has certain properties are

1.Workability,
2. Strength and
3.Durability.

BASIS OF THE METHOD

According to the Road Note No.4 is mainly based

on the experimental investigations by Glanville

et al

Deals with the effect of aggregate grading on the

strength and workability of concrete

Its mandatory to note that designed concrete

must be satisfactory both in the Plastic as well
Hardened state

Necessary the choice of Mix proportions is

governed by both these conditions

Contd

The required W/C ratio to produce the design

characteristic strength depends upon the

characteristics of the cement

By using same W/C ratio, different strengths

are produced by Ordinary Portland, Rapid
hardening Portland and High alumina cements.

The Road note No.4 presents a set of curves

relating W/C ratio and Compressive strength
at different ages and for different types of
cement.

Contd

A rough indication of the degree of workability is

obtained by the corresponding slump and

compacting factor of the concrete at the work site
Extensive Laboratory investigations were
conducted at the ROAD RESEARCH LABORATORY
to study the relation among the various parameters
such as
1.Aggregate/Cement Ratio
2.Water/Cement Ratio
3.Degree of workability
4.Grading
5.Shape and size of aggregates

Based on the results, design tables are

presented in Road Note No.4 to select

suitable Aggregate/Cement ratios for a
concrete mix and filling up other
parameters.

MIX DESIGN PROCEDURE

STEP 1:The average compressive

strength of the concrete mix is to be
obtained by applying the control factors
to the minimum compressive strength.

The relation between the minimum and

average compressive strength depend on
the degree of quality control and
shown in the below table 1

CONDITIONS
MINIMUM
STRENGTH
% OF
Table.1 Estimated relation between minimum
andAS
mean
AVERAGE
compressive strengths of site cube (ROAD
NOTESTRENGTH
NO.4)
Very good control
75
with weigh batching.
Constant
Supervision
Fair control with weigh 60
batching
Occasional
supervision
Poor control,
40
inaccurate volume
PRESENTED BY batching of all in
Ramya 14MST1019
aggregatesNamratha 14MST1043
Vaishnavi 14MST1046
No supervision

STEP 2: WATER CEMENT RATIO

The

W/C
ratio
is
required to give the
necessary
average
compressive strength,
at the desired age and
for the type of cement
used.
Read Table 2 and get
the value of W/C ratio.
PRESENTED BY
Ramya 14MST1019
Vaishnavi 14MST1046

Namratha 14MST1043

Table.2 Relation between compressive

strength and water cement ratio for 10
cubes of fully compacted concrete

PRESENTED BY
Ramya 14MST1019
Vaishnavi 14MST1046

Namratha 14MST1043

STEP 3 : AGREGATE CEMENT RATIO WITH DEGREE OF

WORKABILITY AND GRADING OF CURVE
combine
aggregate to
cement is
determined from
Table 3 & 4 for
aggregates of
maximum size 40
and 20mm
respectively.
The proportion of

The tables
provide for four
different degrees
PRESENTED BY
of workability
14MST1019
detailedRamya
in Table
5
Vaishnavi 14MST1046

Namratha 14MST1043

STEP 4 : RATIO OF FINE TO TOTAL

AGGREGATE
Aggregate
available at the
work site differ
from the
standard
grading, the
coarse and fine
aggregates must
be combined so
as to produce
one of the
standard grading
PRESENTED BY
Ramya 14MST1019
Vaishnavi 14MST1046

Namratha 14MST1043

WATER

CEMENT : FINE AGGREGATE : COARSE AGGREGATE :

Nf

Nc

STEP 5: PROPORTION OF CEMENT,

WATER, FINE AND COARSE

Thus the weight of cement C is evaluated by
AGGREGATES
the relation
C
+ Nf.. C
= 1 m 3 c w

+ Nc C + W.C + 0.01
fa w
ca w
w

Where,

C Weight of cement required per cubic metre of

concrete

c Specific gravity of cement

fa Specific gravity of fine aggregate

ca Specific gravity of coarse aggregate

Percentage of entrained air in concrete

w Density of water

LIMITATIONS OF ROAD NOTE NO.4 METHOD

Design tables of aggregate/ Cement ratio

recommended in Road Note No.4 cover only three

shapes of aggregates and four type gradings
But in practice aggregates having different
shapes, sizes and properties have to use for the
mixes.
This method cannot be used directly for the
design of air entrained concrete
The nominal mix designed by using the data can
be suitably adjusted for the desired air content in
the mix.

PROBLEM ON ROAD NOTE METHOD NO.4

Design a concrete Mix to suit the following data using the

Method of Road Note No.4

Specified works cube strength -200 kg/cm2 at 28 days

Degree of workability- High since concrete is required weigh

batching and constant supervision

Type of cement Ordinary cement

Type of fine aggregate-Natural sand

Type of coarse aggregate-Crushed granite

Angular aggregate of 20mm max size. The aggregate

available at works site have the following grading

PRESENTED BY
Ramya 14MST1019
Vaishnavi 14MST1046

Namratha 14MST1043

DESIGN OF CONCRETE MIX

For the degree of
control used
refer below table
1

CONDITIONS

MINIMUM
STRENGTH AS %
OF AVERAGE
STRENGTH

Minimum
Very good control
75
strength is 75%
with weigh batching.
of the average
Constant
strength.
Supervision

Mean design
Fair control with
60
strength
weigh batching
=200/0.75
Occasional
= 270 kg/cm2
supervision

Water cement
Poor control,
40
ratio (from
table
PRESENTED BY inaccurate volume
2) = 0.62
Ramya 14MST1019
14MST1043
batching ofNamratha
all in

Vaishnavi 14MST1046
aggregates
No supervision

For required High

workability, refer
the table 3
Aggregate/cement
ratio (from table
3) = 4.8

The given
aggregate do not
belong to any
particular
standard grading
curve.

They should be
combined in
suitable
proportions to
corresponding
to BY
PRESENTED
the nearest
Ramya 14MST1019
practical grading,
which Vaishnavi
is in this 14MST1046
case is grading 3

Namratha 14MST1043

 The proportion of fine to total aggregate =

40%
Hence the proportions by weight of
ingredients are given by
CEMENT : FINE AGGREGATE : COARSE
AGGREGATE

1
: 4.8x40
:
4.8x60
100
100

1
: 1.92
: 2.88
PROPORTION BY VOLUME
1
: 1.92x1472
:
2.88x1472
PRESENTED BY
1680
Ramya 14MST1019
Namratha 14MST1043
1520
Vaishnavi 14MST1046

If C= weight of cement required per m3 of

concrete
Then by absolute volume method, we have
C
1m3

+ 1.92C
+ 2.88C
+
0.62 C =
3.15x103 2.6x103
2.6x103
103

C=355 kg
Water= 0.62x355=220 kg
F.A=1.92x355=680kg
C.A=2.88x355=1020kg
PRESENTED
BY concrete=2275kg/m 3
Density
of fresh
Ramya 14MST1019
Vaishnavi 14MST1046

Namratha 14MST1043