Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
POWER SYSTEM
CHAPTER 3:
3-Phase System and Power
Concept
nur diyana
kamarudin
Introduction
qThe generation, transmission and
distribution of electric power is
accomplished by means of
three-phase circuit.
qAt the generating station, three
sinusoidal voltage have equal
magnitude and an equal 1200-
phase difference between any
two phase.
qThis is called a balanced source.
qPositive phase sequence when the
voltages reaches their peak value in
the sequential ABC
qNegative phase sequence when the
phase is order is ACB.
EBn
ECn
EAn
EAn
EBn ECn
Vab
Vbn
Vbc
Van
Vcn
Vca
§T h re e - p h a se
cu rre n t a lso p o sse ss th re e - p h a se
sym m e try a n d a re g ive n b y
IL = IP
Example
Calculate the line voltage and line current of a Y-Y
connection
∆-Connected Loads
§ A balanced ∆-connected load (with
equal phase impedances) is shown in
below:
§Lin e vo lta g e a re th e sa m e a s p h a se
vo lta g e s.
∆-Connected Loads (cont.)
§ The phase current Iab is chosen as reference
Ip = magnitude of
phase current
§T h e re la tio n sh ip b e tw e e n p h a se a n d lin e
cu rre n ts ca n b e o b ta in e d b y a p p lyin g
K irch h o ff’ s cu rre n t la w a t th e co rn e r o f ∆ .
∆-Connected Loads (cont.)
§ The RMS of any of the line currents and
phase is denoted by IL
(1 )
§Fro m th e p h a so r d ia g ra m , th e re la tio n sh ip
b e tw e e n b a la n ce d p h a se a n d lin e -to - lin e
vo lta g e ; (2 )
∆ -Y Transformation ( cont .)
§S u b stitu tin g e q .( 2 ) in to e q .( 1 ), w e g e t
(3 )
or
(4 )
(6 )
exa m p le
A balanced, positive-sequence, Y-
connected
voltage source with E
ab = 480 0° volts is
applied
to a balanced-∆ load with Z
∆ = 30 0° Ω.
The line
impedance between the source and load
is
Z = 1 85°Ω for each phase. Calculate
L
the line
current, the ∆-load currents, and the
Power in single-phase AC circuits
Instantaneous voltage
be,
and L/C) θv– θi < 0; Q=-ve P/S < 1, Part of the apparent
power is consumed
Complex Power
n method
First
Solution complex power (cont.)
Second method
Third method
Solution complex power (cont.)
Q c = Q1 – Q 2
= P (tan θ1 - tan θ2)
= ωCVrms 2
Q1 = S1 sin θ1
= P tan θ1
P = S1 cos θ1 Q2 = P tan θ2
Power
Factor
Correction
(Cont.)
Power
Factor
Correction
(Cont.)
Power Factor Correction(cont.)
Balanced Three-Phase Power(cont.)
§Consider a balanced three-phase source supplying a
balanced Y-or ∆-connected load with the following
instantaneous voltage and current .
3Ø
Balanced Three-Phase Power(cont.)
or
Balanced Three-Phase Power(cont.)
Example
A three-phase line has an impedance of 2 + j4Ω as shown
in figure below
a)The current, real power, and reactive power drawn from the
supply.