HOLOGRAPHIC IMAGING AS AN

EMERGING TECHNOLOGY

Apurva
Bhardwaj
E. No. 050075
B.Tech VIII Sem.
(ECE)
What is a hologram?
A Hologram is a picture that
changes when looked at from
different angles.
 Holography is a technique that
allows the light scattered from an
object to be recorded and later
reconstructed so that it appears
as if the object is in the same
position relative to the recording
medium as it was when recorded.
How does hologram work ?
 Typically Coherent light from a
laser is reflected from an
object and combined at the
film with light from a reference
beam.
 Interference pattern produced
by beams is recorded.
 The resulting light field is an
apparently random pattern of
varying intensity which is the
hologram.
 Why LASER only ?
Coherent in nature.

Same wavelength as
well as more directed
in same direction.
 Characteristics of
Hologram
Photograph of light wave interference.
3D in nature.
Lens less photography.
Any part of the hologram contains the
whole image.
The images are Scalable.
Types of Holograms
 Multi-image holograms. Several images can be seen
successively by changing the viewpoint or illuminating light, or
by tilting the hologram.
 Rainbow holograms. These are transmission holograms
viewable by white light, made by transfer with the master
hologram masked down to a narrow horizontal slit.
 Focused-image holograms. The optical image formed by a
lens is used as object beam. This principle can be used to form
holographic images in a modified conventional camera.
 Embossed holograms. The final transfer hologram is made
on photoresist, so that the interference pattern is formed in
ridges and can be reproduced by mechanical hot stamping
from a metal replica.
 Holographic stereograms. These represent the ultimate in multi-image
transfer holograms. A series of up to 100 images produced by a moving
camera is recorded as a set of adjacent narrow holograms 1-2 mm wide on a
continuous length of holographic film. The whole series is then transferred
holographically to give a single final image . This system has the
advantages of not needing a laser for its origination, and of being able to
produce an image of any required size.
 Holographic (or diffractive) optical elements. A hologram of a lens or
an optical mirror behaves exactly like the original lens or mirror. It is thus a
holographic optical element (HOE). The main advantage of HOEs and DOEs
is that a large number of elements can be superimposed on a single surface,
an impossibility with conventional optical systems. The disadvantage is that
they are highly dispersive, and can therefore be used effectively only with
monochromatic light
 Holographic interferograms. If a hologram is doubly exposed, and
between the two exposures the object is slightly distorted, in the resulting
image the distortion is contoured by secondary (moiré) interference fringes
at half-wavelength intervals. This property makes holography an important
tool in the analysis of stress and vibration.
Applications of Holography
 Data Storage: A technique that can store information at high
density inside crystals or photopolymers.
 Security: Security holograms are used widely in many currencies,
credit and bank cards as well as Books, DVDs, Sports Equipment
as they are difficult to forge.
 Art: Some artist use holography as their main medium and many
more artists integrate holographic elements into their work.
 Hobbyist Use: Many experiments have been made by people to
explore more on holography to find inexpensive ways of making
holograms.
 Determining Cubic Dimensions: Holographic scanners are in
use in post offices, larger shipping firms, and automated conveyor
systems to determine the three-dimensional size of a package.
Now, The Question
is ..
Is the fiction really possible ?
Is it possible to
Attend a conference without being
there?

Attend two or more meetings at a time?

Talk to people miles away without going

there?
Yes, it is possible !
3D HOLOGRAPHIC VIDEO CONFERENCING

Cisco’s On-Stage TelePresence Experience,

created by integrating Musion 3D
Holographic Projection technology with Cisco
TelePresence.
 An Example-

•DVE- Digital Video Enterprises – launched the

groundbreaking DVE Tele-Immersion RoomTM.
•Shown for the first time at Telepresence World 2007
in San Diego.
•The DVE Tele-Immersion Room offers 3-D
holographic appearing images of participants in
perfect HD video.
How does it work ?

More than 35 cameras used to shoot.

A 3D image is created.
3D model rendered and textured with
video signal and sent to the destination.
At the destination, some special effects
added to give final holographic image.
Advantages over Video
Conferencing

Intricate, interactive as a live conversation.

3D images rather than 2D flat images.
Conventional displays can be overcome.
In Video Conferencing delays that cause a jerking
video.
If the person walks out of view of that one camera, you
can no longer see the person.
Future Possibilities
Wartime decision-makers would benefit from
looking at a 3-D representation of a battle
landscape.

Industrial designers will be able to modify a

sports car's body using the tip of a stylus,
instantly establishing the change's effect on
overall design.
Future Possibilities

Surgeons will be better able to

determine the safest approach for
removing a brain tumor without ever
wielding a knife.

Even real-time holographic imaging

based video games can become a reality
if costs come down.
THANK YOU

Queries if any?