Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
A Leadership Story:
A group of workers and their leaders are set a task
of clearing a road through a dense jungle on a remote
island to get to the coast where an estuary provides
a perfect site for a port.
The leaders organise the labour into efficient units and
monitor the distribution and use of capital assets
progress is excellent. The leaders continue to monitor
and evaluate progress, making adjustments along the
way to ensure the progress is maintained and efficiency
increased wherever possible.
Then, one day amidst all the hustle and bustle and
activity, one person climbs up a nearby tree. The person
surveys the scene from the top of the tree.
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Leadership
Leadership
Controversy has arisen
over whether leaders are
different from managers
or whether management
is different from
leadership.
The role of
management is to
promote stability or to
enable the
organization to run
smoothly
Leadership
Leadership
Types of
Leadership
Democratic:
Encourages decision making
from different perspectives
leadership may be emphasised
throughout the organization
Consultative: process of consultation
before decisions are taken
Persuasive: Leader takes decision
and seeks to persuade others that the
decision is correct
Leadership
Democratic:
Types of
Leadership
Style
Leadership
Autocratic:
Types of
Leadership
Theories of
Leadership
Leadership
Trait theories:
Leadership is characterized by some specific traits
which can differentiate leaders from non-leaders.
Such as
Ambitious and energetic
Determined
Honest and integrative
Confident
Intelligent
Self-directing
Knowledgeable
Theories of
Leadership
Leadership
Trait theories:
Are such characteristics
inherently gender biased?
Do such characteristics
produce good leaders?
Is leadership more than
just bringing about change?
Does this imply that leaders are born
not bred?
Theories of
Leadership
Leadership
Behavioural:
Specific behaviours differentiate
leaders from non-leaders
Imply that leaders can be trained focus on
the way of doing things
Structure based behavioural theories focus on
the leader instituting structures task orientated.
Define standards of performance
Relationship based behavioural theories focus
on the development and maintenance of
relationships process orientated
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Organizational Ethics
What is ethics?
The term Ethics was chosen from the ancient
Greek "ethikos", meaning "arising from habit";
also morality.
Fundamentally ancient philosophers grounded
the term ethics on morality.
Then psychologists, sociologists, and eventually
economists, like Adam Smith, Karl Marx, Milton
Friedman, and Maynard Keynes addressed the
term from their own point of view.
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Organizational Ethics
Ethics, a major branch of philosophy, is
the study of value, or morals and morality.
It covers the analysis and employment of
concepts such as right, wrong, good, evil,
and responsibility.
Ethics is the science of standardization of
eternal human behavioral pattern, culture,
criteria, norms, and values for human
action, conduct, and attitudes.
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Organizational Ethics
Ethics in Organization: Individual Culture
A controversial topic of ethics in organization is
related to its origin issue.
Collins et al., (2005) argued that problematic
agency derived in modern organization is due to
self definition, construction, and articulation of
morality to support self-interest.
The subjects who are acting as problematic
agents, like discriminators in organizational
structure are conceptualizing morality in their
own constructs and consequently defending
their problematic agency as moral.
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Organizational Ethics
Ethics in Organization: Organizational
Culture
But several authors dealing with
organizational ethics do not agree with this
individual view (Tabachnick, Keith-Spiegel, & Pope, 1991; White
& Rhodeback, 1992; Bauman, 1993; Gunz et al., 2004).
Organizational Ethics
Ethics in Organization: Organizational Culture
Modern organizational culture forces individuals
and groups to comply with organizational norms
and values which are significantly deviated from
traditional ethics.
Schein (2000) argued that top executives, who are
climbing the ladder to the top, are unaware of
morality and do not response to right or wrong.
They fully accustomed to relative truth of the
organization. More ironically, they advocate for
any matter which is better for the company as
the truth.
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