DYNAMIC MATRIX CONTROL

BY: AGA ALI ABBAS

11H61A0801

INTRODUCTION
Dynamic matrix control (DMC) was the first Model
Predictive Control (MPC) algorithm.
The concept of model based predictive control (MPC) was
introduced in the 1970s at Shell Oil by Cutler and
Ramaker, in a joint automatic control conference.
Today Dynamic matrix control (DMC) is the most
commonly used predictive control available in almost all
commercial industrial control systems and process
simulations.

HOW IT WORKS ?
It is a form of control algorithm in which the current
control action is obtained by solving a finite horizon
of open loop optimal control problem using the
current state of the plant as the initial state.
This process is repeatedly done for each sampling
point.
The optimisation yields an optimal control sequence
and the first control in this sequence is applied to
the plant.

COMPONENTS OF MPC
Three main components

1.The process model

2.The cost function
3.The optimiser
The process model includes the information about the controlled
process and it is used to predict the response of the process variables
according to manipulated control varibales.
Minimisation of cost function ensures that the error is reduced
Optimisation techniques are applied and the output gives the input
sequence for the next prediction horizon.

RECEDING HORIZON CONTROL

Model predictive control is based on an iterative and finite
horizon optimisation of a plant model.
At any time t, the current plant state is sampled and a
cost minimisation algorithm is applied for a relatively short
time in the future (t+1).
The calculations are repeated starting from the now current
state thereby yielding a new control and a new predicted
state path.
The prediction horizon keeps shifting forward and for this
reason MPC is also called RECEDING HORIZONTAL CONTROL.
In practice it gives very good results.

Definitions :
The term Optimisation implies the best value for
some type of performance criterion.
Objective function can be least square or quadratic.
The sum of squares of the predicted errors(diff.
between the step point and model predicted
outputs) and the control moves (changes in control
action from step to step).

For a prediction horizon of P and control horizon M, the least square objective
function is written as:

The optimisation problem is usually stated as

minimization of the objective function,
obtained by adjusting the M control moves,
subject to modelling equation and the
constraints of input and output.
Therefore,
min
uk.uk+M-1

WHAT MAKES DMC SUCCESSFUL ?

There are various reasons for DMC to be successful.
Some of the major contributing points are :
1.It handles structural changes.
2.It is an easy to tune method.
3.It allows operation closer to constraints, hence
increased profits.
4.It can handle non-minimal phase and unstable
processes.
5.It handles multivariable control problems naturally.

APPLICATIONS :
DISTILLATION COLUMN
HYDROCRACKER
PULP AND PAPER PLANT
SERVO MECHANISM
ROBOT ARM

CONCLUSION :
Dynamic Matrix Control (DMC) ,one of the first Model
Predictive Control (MPC) algorithm is designed
explicitly to predict the future response of a plant
and its applications are found in a wide variety of
areas including chemical, food processing,
automotive, and aerospace applications.

THANKYOU