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REINVENTING INDIGENOUS
IDENTITY THROUGH
ARCHITECTURE
How
architecture
plays a role in
cultural
rebuilding and
communicatio
n
THE PROBLEM
AND ITS BACKGROUND
Out
of the total
population
of
approximately 100
million people, at
least 12-15 million
inhabitants
comprises the 110
ethnic tribes and
cultural minorities
One
of the well-known
(12-15%).
indigenous tribes in
the Philippines are the
Negritos.
Negritos are
divided into
twenty nine
ethno
linguistic
population
and one of
them is the
AGTA.
cultural biodiversity.
When it comes to survival, most of the IPs depend only on
They experience
neglect and
discrimination in
the provision of
basic social
services by the
Government.
Illiteracy and
unemployment
are much higher
among them
than the rest of
the population.
THEREFORE
All problems mentioned earlier calls for a
development as well as
facilities like schools and health center are
certainly the keys to solve the present
issues in the IP communities.
Through
architecture,
their
current
conditionscan
be
developed and improved by
providing them asustainable
plan for development in terms of
a culture sensitive design.
The
restoration
and
development of any community
is always influenced by the
GOALS
The primary goal of the study is to address the current
OBJECTIVES
The main objective of the study is to develop a
STRATEGIES
utilize
and
employ
local
materials
and
infrastructure/mechanical systems, conserve, utilize,
enhance and rejuvenate the local natural environment
provide
the community
educational
community
infrastructure
to
therebystrengthen
the
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE
STUDY
The study creates a significant impact in the dissolving
cultural heritage of the Philippines. It will create a deeper
understanding and better appreciation of tribal life and
culture which creates opportunities for both Agta and nonAgta people. It will lead to the empowerment of IPs in
taking pride of their culture and in educating ethnic
minorities in the country.
for
The study will not cover the cost estimation of the project.
ASSUMPTION
The study will give a deeper understanding of the
culture of the Dumagat tribe. It will conduct a thorough
analysis of their social structure which will be integrated
in the design phase. The social structure of a
community is the determining factor of a sustainable
environment.
The study will prove that architecture can be the
answer to the empowerment of cultural minorities that
loses its identities due to the globalization of today and
by sustaining their basic necessities in a traditional and
practical way.
NEED ANALYSIS
The Agta of the Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park are in
government
and
nongovernment
organizations,
interventions to address these problems are very limited.
The few attempts at the provisioning of health care and
education facilities by government and NGOs are
unsystematic and remain without lasting impact.
Thus, there is a deep need in providing them the facilities
CONCLUSION
Based from the computed and analyzed results, the
RECOMMENDATIONS
In designing the facility, culture sensitive design must
SITE IDENTIFICATION
AND ANALYSIS
Since the target end users are ethnic minorities, the
1 Poor
Excellent
SITE
SELECTIO
N AND
JUSTIFICA
TION
2 Fair
3 Good
4 - Very Good
CRITERIA FOR
EVALUATION
SITE A
SITE B
SITE C
Site Condition
Size
Flexibility
Accessibility
Availability of Utilities
Topography
Susceptibility to Hazard
Security
Zoning
Demographic
Availability of Natural
Resources
Proximity to Communities
46
53
37
STRENGTHS
Cold air
Scenic landscape for
tourism development
Soil fertility
Rich in natural resources
WEAKNESS
Lack of daily necessities
Education status
Health support and
facilities
Electricity (insufficient
Telecommunications (no
communication network)
OPPORTUNITIES
Good geophysical
environment serve as a
tourist spot
The place possesses stunning
scenery that if in particular to
developed and discovered
can be a famous tourist spot
in the place.
THREATS
Natural disaster risk
management issue
Since the place was situated
near the mountains and river,
it is exposed to the threat of
natural disasters like typhoons,
landslides, flashfloods,
mudslides etc. that can result
to damage of properties,
agriculture, infrastructure and
even loss of lives.
strangers
The area was mountainous and
secluded-like place that is a
good place for such activities
like illegal logging, forest fires
etc. resulting to disadvantages
for the people who resides in
the area.
PROVINCIAL SETTING
ISABELA
Isabela comprises an aggregate
SITE ANALYSIS
Land Use
The
Geography
The topography of the area is a range of peaks and
AGTA SETTLEMENT
PROGRAMMING
PART IV. Architectural Design Translation
In this chapter, the proponent will explain further the
Architectural approach and methods that will be adopted in
order to give solutions to the problem discussed in the earlier
chapters. This chapter is considered as the first phase of
conceptualization that will be discussed all throughout the
proceeding chapters of the study.
Design Program
PROBLEM
DIAGNOSIS
The IP communities are in
deep need of
revitalization. Since they only depend on their
natural environment to survive, the community
they live in must be sustainable and efficient.
Community development as well as facilities like
schools and health center are certainly the keys to
solve the present issues in the IP communities. A
healthy
community design and sustainable
settlement development strategy will improve the
living condition of the IPs. Through architecture,
their current conditions can be developed and
improved by providing them a sustainable plan for
development in terms of a culture sensitive design.
The restoration and development of any community
is always influenced by the defining relationships
between existing ideas, traditions, values, and
culture.
DESIGN CRITERIA
DESIGN OBJECTIVES
The design objectives are the primary goals of the proponent.
The proponents project aims to:
To be able to improve the present quality of community life of the
Agtas
To be able to provide and deliver the basic and essential needs of
the community
To be able to develop the skills and potential of the Agta people
To be able to strengthen and empower the values, the culture, and
the rights of the Agta tribe
To be able to establish a link between indigenous peoples, learning
spaces, education and self-worth
To be able to cultivate a strong sense of ethnic identity from
shared culture, religion, geography and language of individuals
within the kinship and proximity
To be able to promote social justice, equality and respect for
cultural diversity among different IPs and non-IPs.
PHILOSOPHY
The architecture of a building should be
PRINCIPLE
The principles followed by Indigenous Peoples:
1.Closeness and unity with nature
The environment is the basic source of food. Medicines and
materials for the home It is also where culture, tradition, and
customs of the tribes are rooted. The environment is the extension
of life and body. Hence, it is necessary to preserve and maintain the
peoples closeness to and good relationship with the environment.
2. Collective leadership
The tribal title holders and the whole tribe strongly believe that a
collective leadership is still effective and appropriate even in the
present modern times because the IPs tradition of collective
leadership that promotes a free, peaceful and modestly progressive
community.
3. Communal ownership if the basic sources of livelihood in the
community for the tribes, things are not owned by anybody.
Humans are just steward of things on earth and are free to use the
in order to live and survive n this world. Although, they also respect
CONCEPT
DEVELOPMENT
ARCHITECTURAL CONCEPT
ARCHITECTURE AS AN
ECOSYSTEM
ECOSYSTEM
EQUILIBRIUM&
HOLISTIC
DESIGN
SPATIAL EQUITY
BETWEEN
FUSION
MAN & NATURE
CONVENTIONAL PLANNINGDEVELOPMENT
SUSTAINABILITY
STRUCTURAL CONCEPT
MATERIALS
BAMBOO
FRAMING
UTILITY CONCEPT
PERMAVOID as
RAIN-WATER
HARVESTING
SYSTEM &
POTABLE WATER
SYSTEM
Rooms are arranged in a
linear configuration
orientated approximately
perpendicular to the
prevailing wind direction
for best cross ventilation.
The community is designed to enhance natural
cycles, using local resources to generate solar
power, purified rainwater and passive
ventilation to create healthy and sustainable
environments.
DESIGN
CONSIDERATIONS
In this chapter,
theAND
proponent
points out particular factors and
(LAWS
STANDARDS)
certain principles that will be considered in the design process.
These are the important keys to be considered in the design
process because the feasibility and credibility of the structure
to be built depends upon these laws and standards.
Standard Classroom Dimension
I. Space Standards
A. Pre-School (Kindergarten Level)
1. School site must have a minimum lot area of 500 square meters. The area may be
divided into a minimum of 140 square meters for the playground. This area is only good
for not more than 4 classes.
2. Space for playground must be provided, otherwise, easy and safe access to the nearest
part of open space not more than 200 meters walking distance from school site may be
presented as an alternative.
3. Classroom size should be 1 square meter per child.
B. Elementary School Sites
Size. The size of the site must meet the requirements of the enrollment and kind of
schools as well as the recreational needs of the pupils. It shall be wide enough to make
adequate provisions for an athletic field playground, lawns, agricultural activities and
future building expansions.
The standard requirements of school site for elementary schools are as follows:
a.One-half hectare (1/2 ha.) for a non-central school which has only one or two classes
and no grade above Grade IV.
b.One hectare (1 ha.) for a central school which has six classes or for non-Central School
which has from three to four classes.
c.Two hectares (2 has.) for schools which have from seven to nine classes.
d.Three hectares (3 has.) for schools which have from ten to twelve classes.
e.Four hectares (4 has.) for schools which have more than twelve classes.
However, for special cases or where there is difficulty in meeting the above standards, the
following may be allowed:
For Rural Areas:
One-half hectare (1/2 ha.) for a central school which has six classes, for a non-central
school which has from three to four classes. One and one half hectare (1 1/2 ha.) for
schools which have from seven to ten classes. Two hectares (2 has.) for schools which
have more than 10 classes.
BEHAVIORAL ANALYSIS
The following diagrams show the behavior of the users from day to night
every
day. (Adults)
Dumagat
Wake Up
Sleep
Social
Gathering
Breakfast
Dinner
Hunting/ Selling
goods/ Craft
Work/ Household
Chores
Social
Gathering
Lunch
Hunting/ Selling
goods/ Craft
Work/ Household
Chores
Dumagat (Children)
Wake Up
Breakfast
Sleep
Play
Hygiene
Lunch
School
Dinner
Play/ Do
Homework
/ Do
Chores
Healthcare Staff
Arrival
Tend to
Patients
Break
Socialize /
Conduct
Seminar
Break
Tend to
Patients
Departure
Visit for
providing
necessitie
s
Lunch
Dismissal
Seminar
Tour
Around/
Socialize
Lunch
Dismissal
Tour
Around/
Socialize
Tour
Around/
Socialize
Break
Teach /
Train
Dumagats
Break
Teach /
Train
Dumagat
Departure
USER ANALYSIS
The user analysis will distinguish the users according to their roles
or participation in using the complex.
MAJOR USERS
MINOR USERS:
AGTA FAMILIES
- LGU OFFICIALS
-ELDERS
- NGO VOLUNTEERS
-MOTHER
- TEACHERS AND
-FATHER
TRAINERS
-CHILDREN
-INFANT
- LOCAL VISITORS
- TOURISTS
ORGANIZATIONAL
STRUCTURE
FUNCTIONAL ZONING
TARGET POPULATION:
1,500 2, 00
FAMILIES: 200-350
MEMBERS PER HOUSEHOLD: 4-6
ADJACENCY MATRIX
INTER-RELATIONSHIP
DIAGRAM DIAGRAMS
CIRCULATORY DIAGRAM