Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
DEVELOPMENT
Group 8
Cawagas, Fedelene Joy
Deleste, Krisha Nicole
De Juan, Roevarc
Falsis, Hamuel Illiel
Gaitan, Aurora Demi Doreen
Tumabotabo, Anne Rae
Economic Development
Increase in living standards,
improvement in self-esteem
needs and freedom from
oppression as well as a greater
choice.
Most accurate method of
measuring development is
the Human Development
Index which takes into account
the literacy rates & life
expectancy
which affect productivity and
could lead to Economic Growth.
Economic Growth
Economic growth refers to
an increase in the real
output of goods and services
in the country.
Continuation
Brings qualitative
and quantitative
Effect changes in the
economy
Economic development
is more relevant to
measure progress and
quality of life in
Relevance developing nations.
Concerned with
Scope structural changes in the
economy
Brings quantitative
changes in the
economy
Economic growth is a
more relevant metric for
progress in developed
countries. But it's widely
used in all countries
because growth is a
necessary condition for
development.
Growth is concerned
with increase in the
economy's output
Rostow's
stages
of
growth
Walt Whitman Rostow
Born 1916
American economist and political theorist
Johnsons Special Assistant for National Security
Affairs
A staunch anti-Communist
A champion of capitalism and free enterprise
Author ofThe Stages of Economic Growth: A
non-Communist Manifesto (1960)
Traditional society
Pre-conditions for take-off
Take-off
Drive to maturity
Age of high mass consumption
All countries go through these stages fairly linearly
TRADITIONAL SOCIETIES
Fatalistic
Norms of economic growth are completely absent in a
traditional society
Believing that humans have limited capacity to change
the world
Weak national government
PRECONDITIONS TO TAKE-OFF
A strong national government
Popularization of secular education
Capital mobilization for productive purposes
Rise of entrepreneurial class
Start of manufacturing
TAKE-OFF
Start of sector-led growth
Society driven by economy rather than traditions
Society in transition to a modern economy
DRIVE TO MATURITY
Diversification of production
New sectors taking shape
Reduced poverty & rising living standards
Backwardness model
n Alexander Gerschenkron
n "If you don't move forward, sooner or later you
begin to move backward."
n Is often contrasted with Rostovian take-off
model, which is more linear ans structuralist planning it out with different stages.
Economic Growth
Formula used in
calculating the
Gross National
Product
GNP = Consumption +
Government Expenditures
+Investments+ Exports +
Foreign Production by U.S.
Companies Domestic
Production by Foreign
Companies
How it works :
GNP includesincomeearned by citizens
and companies abroad, but does not
include income earned by foreigners
within the country.
The figures used to assess GNP include
the manufacturing of tangible goods
(cars, furniture and agricultural
products) and the provision of services
(education, healthcare, and business
services).
GNP does not include the services used
Population Growth
In general, poorer countries have more
rapid rates of population growth thus
affecting their economic development in a
way that there is an unequal distribution
of goods and services especially among
large, poor families.
Urbanization
Urbanization is the percentage of a country's
population who live in urban areas.
Urban areas generally means in towns and cities
of 2,500 or more people.
Currently just less than half of the worlds
population live in urban areas.
Generally as countries develop urbanization
increases.
Infrastractures
A country's infrastructure is defined by our author as
"the foundations of a society: urban centers,
transport networks, communications, energy
distribution systems, farms, factories, mines, and
such facilities as schools, hospitals, postal services,
and police and armed forces."
For instance, the development of the transportation
system as a measure of its length per area of land has
a greater degree of economic development assumed
because of its transportation infrastractures.
Garbage
Over
Population
Pollution
Corruption
Depletion of our
natural resources
Congestion
Loss of
Biodiversity
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Country
Switzerland
Singapore
United States
Finland
Germany
Japan
Hong Kong SAR
Netherlands
United Kingdom
Sweden
Value
5.7
5.6
5.5
5.5
5.5
5.5
5.5
5.5
5.4
5.4
Source: http://reports.weforum.org/global-competitiveness-report2014-2015/
Country
HDI Score
Norway
0.944
Australia
0.933
Switzerland
0.917
Netherlands
0.915
United States
0.914
Germany
0.911
New Zealand
0.910
Canada
0.902
Singapore
0.901
10
Denmark
0.900
Source: http://www.richestlifestyle.com/10-most-developedcountries-in-the-world/
Country
Qatar
$145,894
Luxembourg
$90,333
Singapore
$78,762
Brunei
$73,823
Kuwait
$70,785
Norway
$64,363
United Arab
Emirates
$63,181
San Marino
$62,766
Switzerland
$53,977
10
United States
$53,001
Source: http://mixtopten.com/top-10-richest-countries-for-2015/