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DEFINITION
According to Koontz and o Donnell it is
the art of including the subordinates to
accomplish their assignments with zeal
and confidence. Zeal reflects ardour,
earnestness and intensity in execution
of work; confidence reflects experience
and technical ability.
CONCEPT OF LEADERSHIP
Managers are people who do things right, while leaders are people
who do the right thing.
'Leadership is all about courage to dream big.
Leadership is a complex process by which a person influences others
to accomplish a mission, task, or objective and directs the organization
in a way that makes it more cohesive and coherent
Leadership makes people want to achieve high goals and objectives,
while, on the other hand, bosses tell people to accomplish a task or
objective.
Leadership can be used for good or ill
Initiates action
Leader communicates the policies and
plans to the subordinates from where the
work actually starts.
Motivation
Providing guidance
A leader guides by instructing the
subordinates the way they have to
perform their work effectively and
efficiently.
Creating confidence
Building morale
Co-ordination
LEADERSHIP
THEORIES
1.TRAIT
APPROACH
2.BEHAVIOURAL
APPROACH
3.SITUATIONAL
APPROACH
Autocratic
Participative or supportive
Instrumental or instrumental
supportive
Autocratic:
An autocratic leader is one who
commands and expects compliance. He is
dogmatic and positive and leads by his ability to
withhold or give rewards and punishments.
Instrumental or instrumental
supportive:Instrumental behaviour of leadership
emphasizes the leaders role as a manager in the
rational aspects of management namely
planning, organizing, controlling etc.
CONTIGENCY THEORIES:
THE FIEDLER MODEL:Fred E. Fiedler argued
that effectiveness depends on two interacting
factors: leadership style and the degree to which
the situation gives the leader control and
influence. Three things are important here:
The relationship between the leaders and
followers: If leaders are liked and respected
they are more likely to have the support of
others.
The structure of the task: If the task is clearly
spelled out as to goals, methods and standards
of performance then it are more likely that
leaders will be able to exert influence.
Position power: If an organization or group
confers powers on the leader for the purpose of
getting the job done, then this may well increase
the influence of the leader.
Source: Adapted from Gary A. Yukl, Leadership in Organizations (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1981), 146-152.
Transactional Leaders
Charismatic Leaders
The ability to inspire
Motivate people to do more than they
would normally do
Tend to be less predictable than
transactional leaders
Create an atmosphere of change
May be obsessed by visionary ideas
Famous examples of charismatic leaders
are Winston Churchill, Bill Clinton, Mother
Teresa and Adolph Hitler.
Transformational Leader
TEAM LEADER:
Leadership is increasingly taking place
within a team context. The role of team
leader is different from the traditional
leadership role. The challenge for most
managers is learning how to become an
effective team leader. There are four basic
team leadership roles: team leaders are
liaisons with external constituencies,
troubleshooters, conflict managers and
coaches
LEADERSHIP STYLES
Leadership styles refer to a leaders
behaviour.
It is the result of the philosophy,
personality and experience of the leader.
Merits:
Demerits
Merits
Merits
Merits
He assumes a paternal role to protect his
sub-ordinates.
1. DECISIVENESS IS KEY
(LALIT KHAITAN, Chairman and
Managing Director, Radico khaitan)
The most distinguished trait that
defines a good leader is the willingness
to make decisions that are need of the
hour no matter how difficult they may
be. And the most significant
component of such decision-making is
self-confidence.
2.VISIONARY LEADERSHIP
(B.MUTHURAMAN, Managing Director,
Tata steel)
The ability to create a shared vision
among team members is the primary
trait of a true leader.
4. TAKE RESPONSIBILTY
(R.V.SHASTRI, Chairman and Managing
Director, Canara bank)
A leader is only as good as his team.
Leadership involves two steps: helping
subordinates take advantage of their
talents, and then fine tuning their
performance. Good leaders always take
responsibility for both the success and
failure of their teams