AUTOMATIC RAILWAY GATE

LEVEL CROSSING

INTRODUCTION:
An automatic railway gate control at unmanned level
crossings replacing the gates operated by gate keepers
and also the semi automatically operated gates. It deals
with two things.
Firstly, it deals with the reduction of time for which the
gate is being kept closed.
And secondly, to provide safety to the road users by
reducing the accidents that usually occur due to
carelessness of road users and at times errors made by
the gatekeepers.

Allowing Forward
Current

Diod
e
Diode definition:-

Diode is an electronic device with two

transmitting terminals that allows
electric current to flow in one
direction while blocking current in
the opposite direction.

Blocking Reverse
Current

Step Down
Transformer

Rectifier
Circuit

POWER SUPPLY
Bridge rectifier

230 V
AC
50
Hz

5v Regulator

5V
DC
12V step down
transformer

Filter(470f)

ELECTRICITY IN ACTION!

A battery (left) connecting to a lightbulb (right), the circuit is completed

when the switch (top) closes. With the circuit closed, electrons can flow,
pushed from the negative terminal of the battery through the lightbulb, to
the positive terminal.

LED

OR GATE IC : 7432

RELAYS:
A relay is an electrically operated switch.
Many relays use an electromagnet to
operate a switching mechanism, but other
operating principles are also used.

Relays find applications where it is

necessary to control a circuit by a lowpower signal, or where several circuits
must be controlled by one signal.

USES OF RELAYS:

Control a high-voltage circuit with a low-voltage signal,

as in some types of modems or audio amplifiers,
Control a high-current circuit with a low-current signal,
as in the starter solenoid of an automobile,
Detect and isolate faults on transmission and distribution
lines by opening and closing circuit breakers (protection
relays),

IR TRANSMITTER:

IR RECEIVER:

STEPPER MOTOR:
A stepper motor (or step motor) is a brushless,
synchronous electric motor that can divide a full
rotation into a large number of steps.
The motor's position can be controlled precisely
without any feedback mechanism, as long as the
motor is carefully sized to the application.
.

CHARACTERISTICS:
Stepper motors are constant power devices.
As motor speed increases, torque decreases.
Steppers exhibit more vibration than other motor types, as the
discrete step tends to snap the rotor from one position to another.
This vibration can become very bad at some speeds and can cause
the motor to lose torque (or lose direction).

ALGORITHM:
STEP 1: Start.
STEP 2: Set the variables.
STEP 3: Make initial settings of the signals for the train and
road users.
STEP 4: Check for the arrival of the train in either direction
by the sensors. If the train is sensed go to STEP 5. Otherwise
repeat STEP 4.
STEP 5: Make the warning signal for the road users and set
the signal for the train.
STEP 6: Check for the presence of the obstacle using sensors.
If there is no obstacle go to STEP 7. Otherwise repeat STEP 6.
STEP 7: Close the gate and stop the buzzer warning.
STEP 8: Change the signal for the train.
STEP 9: Check for the train departure by the sensors. If the
train sensed go
to next STEP. Otherwise repeat STEP 9.
STEP 10: Open the gate. STEP 11: Go to STEP 3.
STEP 12: Stop.

FLOWCHART

CONCLUSION:
The project is an approach to provide the security to our
INDIAN RAILWAY transportation. This electronics project
is developed for the reduction of human effort. This
electronic project is an approach to the modern
transportation system.

REFERENCE:

http://www.seminarprojects.com/search.php
WWW.SKITRONICS.COM
WWW.WIKIPEDIA.ORG
WWW.GOOGLE.COM