Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
4
AND BUSINESS
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CHAPTER 1
SocialResponsibility
Framework
Businessesshouldlookbeyondtheirself
interestsandrecognizethattheybelongto
alargergroupthatexpectsresponsible
participation.
Whatdoyoubelieveorganizations
shouldberesponsiblefor
accomplishing?
Legal
Abidebylegalandregulatoryinfluence
Ethical
Ensurejustandfairbehaviorintheworkplace
Philanthropic
Promotehumanwelfareandgoodwill
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CHAPTER 2
StrategicManagementof
StakeholderRelationships
Stakeholders
Thoseconstituentswhohaveastakein,or
claimon,someaspectofacompanys
products,operations,markets,industry,and
outcomes
Companiesthatoperatewithastakeholder
orientationrecognizethatbusinessandsociety
areinterpenetratingsystems,inthateach
affectsandisaffectedbytheother.
Primary Stakeholders
Groupsfundamentaltoacompanysoperationandsurvival
Customers
Employees
Shareholders
Investors
Suppliers
Government
Community
Balancingtheneedsandperspectives
ofprimarystakeholdersisastrategicimperative.
Secondary Stakeholders
Groupsthatmayinfluenceand/orbeaffectedbythecompany,
butarenotengagedineconomicexchangeswiththefirm:
Media
Specialinterestgroups
Generalpublic
Thesegroupsarenotfundamentaltoanorganizationsdaily
survival.
Theycanplacesignificantpressureonabusinessand
therefore,cannotbeignored.
Development of
Stakeholder Relationships
Relationshipsarefoundedonprinciplesof:
Trust
Commitment
Communication
Theyarealsoassociatedwithadegreeof:
Time
Interaction
Sharedexpectations
Companiesaresearchingforwaystodeveloplongtermand
collaborativerelationshipswiththeircustomersandbusiness
partners.
Social Capital
Anasset,whichresidesinrelationships,
thatischaracterizedbymutualgoalsand
trust
Facilitatessmoothinternalandexternal
transactionsandprocesses
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CHAPTER 3
CorporateGovernance
Corporate Governance
Corporategovernanceistheformalsystem
ofoversight,accountability,andcontrolfor
organizationaldecisionsandresources.
Majorissues:
Shareholderrights
Executivecompensation
Organizationalethicsprograms
Boardcompositionandstructure
Auditing,controlandriskmanagement
CEOselectionandexecutivesuccessionplans
Stakeholdermodel
Considerstheinterestsofemployees,
suppliers,governmentagencies,communities,and
othergroupswithwhichthefirminteracts
Assumesacollaborativeandrelational
approachtobusiness
Focusesoncontinuousimprovement,
accountability,andengagementwithinternaland
externalconstituents
Shareholdersandinvestors
Shareholderactivism
Socialinvesting
Investorconfidence
Financialmisconduct
Executivecompensation
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CHAPTER 4
Legal,Regulatory,and
PoliticalIssues
Corporationshavethesamelegalstatusas
aperson.
Cansue
Canbesued
Canbeheldliablefordebt
Global Regulation
Importbarriers
Tariffsandquotas
Minimumpricelevels
Portofentrytaxes
Productquality,safety,distribution,sales,andadvertising
regulation
NorthAmericanFreeTradeAgreement(NAFTA)
Eliminatesvirtuallyalltariffsongoodsproducedandtraded
betweentheU.S.,Canada,andMexico
EuropeanUnion(EU)
Promotesfreetradebetweenmembernations
Benefits of Regulation
Greaterequalityintheworkplace
Saferworkplaces
Resourcesfordisadvantagedsocietalmembers
Saferproducts
Moreinformationaboutproducts
Greaterproductvariety
Cleanerairandwater
Preservationofwildlife
Deregulation
Removalofallregulatoryauthority
Beliefthatlessgovernmentinterventionallows
businessmarketstoworkmoreeffectively
Manyindustrieshavebeenderegulated.
Trucking
Airlines
Telecommunications
Electricutilities
Criticsofderegulationcitehigher
pricesandpoorerservice/quality.
Corporate Approaches
to Influencing Government
Lobbying
Processofpersuadingpublicand/orgovernmentofficials
tofavoraparticularpositionindecisionmaking
Takesplacedirectlyorthroughtradeorganizations
PoliticalActionCommittees
Organizationsthatsolicitdonationsfromindividualsand
thencontributetocandidatesrunningforpoliticaloffice
CampaignContributions
Corporatedonations
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CHAPTER 5
BusinessEthicsand
EthicalDecisionMaking
Honestyandfairness
Conflictofinterest
Fraud
Discrimination
Informationtechnology
Moral Philosophies
Consequentialism
Adecisionisrightoracceptableifithelpsachieve
thedesiredresults
Egoism
Maximizingonesownselfinterest
Utilitarianism
Greatestgoodforthegreatestnumberofpeople
Ethicalformalism
Focusesontherightsoftheindividual
Justicetheory
Evaluationsoffairness
Kohlbergs Model
Peopleprogressthroughtheprevioussixstages.
Cognitivemoraldevelopmentshouldbeviewed
asacontinuum.
Peoplesmoralbeliefsandbehaviorchangeas
theygaineducationandexperience.
Thereareuniversalvaluesbywhich
peopleinthehighestlevelofmoral
developmentabide.
Needforaffiliation
Inclinationtoworkwithothersintheorganization
ratherthanalone
Needforpower
Desiretoinfluenceandcontrolothers