y Standard-Health Policy Recommend

Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs)

=
Recommended Intake of Nutrients (RINs)
= Safe Intake of Nutrients

RDA is established by first

estimating the average physiological
requirement for an absorbed nutrient
This value is then adjusted by factors
to compensate for :
incomplete utilization
Variation in requirements among
individuals
Bioavailability of the nutrient among the
food sources

1st RDA establish 1941

(NRC/NAS)

National Research
council/National Academy of
Sciences

Established tahu
1998

RDA=AKG di Indonesia dibahas dalam Widya

Karya Nasional Pangan dan Gizi
Diperbaharui setiap 5 tahun

9 Nutrients(1971) , 19 Nutrients
(1989), 21 Nutrients (2004),
32 Nutrients (2013)

Dietary Referece Value (DRVs)

For Energy: Estimate Average Req (EAR)
Protein and Micronutrients :
- Reference Nutrient Intake (RNI), X + 2 SD
- Lower Reference Nutrient Intake (LRNI), X - 2 SD
Fat and Carbohydrates : given as a populatio average
value, expressed as a percentage of total Energy
intake

Dietary Intake

Reference values for intakes

of essential nutrients that
will maintain health in
practically all healthy inviduals

Recommended Dietary Intake (RDI)

RDAs
(US)

Reference
Standards/Dietary
tandards, include :

RNI
(Canadian)

SIN
(FAO/WHO)

RIN
(UK)

 AKG/RDA : Level konsumsi Energi dan zat-zat

gizi essensial, yang berdasarkan pengetahuan
ilmiah dinilai cukup untuk memenuhi kebutuhan
hampir semua orang sehat.
Untuk mencapai status gizi yang optimal
Tidak sama dengan Dietary requirement

Water, alcohol and copper represent

three nutrients that have
approximately quantitative (100%) up
take from their dietary forms.
On the other hand, iron and zinc have
an intrinsically low fractional
absorbtion in oral form

Kinds of Reference Value

Dietary Reference Intake (DRI)

-Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)
-Recommanded Dietary Allowance (RDA)
-Adequate Intake (AI)
-Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)

Dietary Intake

VS
Health Policy recommendations

Health Policy recommendations =

as a guidelines

Guide lines:
-PUGS
-Makanan seimbang
-4 sehat 5 sempurna

Recommed Consuming

45-65% total E from CH

20-35% total E from Fat
No more than 7-10% total E from SFA
10-35% total E from Protein
No more than 200-300 mg/d dietary Cholesterol
25 g/d dietary fiber for women, 38 g/d for men
(National Cholesterol Education Program, American
Heart Association, and Food and Nutrition Board)

Dietary Reference Intake (DRIs)

1. EAR (Estimated Average Requirement):

The intake that meets the estimated
nutrient need of 50% of the individuals
in that group. Applies to individuals

2. RDA (Recommended Dietary Allowance):

The intake that meets the nutrient need of
almost all (97 to 98%) individuals in group.

Dietary Reference Intake (DRIs)

3. AI (Adequate Intake):
Observed or experimentally derive
intake by a defined population or sub group
that, in the judgment of DRI Committee,
appears to sustain a defined nutritional state,
such as normal circulating nutrient values,
growth or other functional indicators of
health. Applies to population group.

Dietary Reference Intake (DRIs)

4. UL (Tolerable Upper Intake Level):

The highest level of daily nutrient intake that
is likely to pose no risk of adverse health
effects to almost all individuals in the general
population. As intake increases above the
UL, the risk of adverse effects increases.

Manfaat
1.

Merencanakan dan menyediakan

suplay pangan penduduk
2. Menginterpratasikan data
konsumsi pangan
perorangan/kelompok
3. Perencanaan perbaikan makanan
institusi
4. Menerapkan standard bantuan
pangan

Manfaat
5. Menilai kecukupan persediaan
pangan
6. Merencanakan progran penyuluhan
Gizi
7. Mengembangkan produk pangan
untuk institusi
8. Menetapkan pedoman untuk
labeling gizi

Penugasan :
1. Apa sajakah yang termasuk dari
Dietary standards?
2. Apakah yang termasuk dietary guide
lines? Apakah perbedaan keduanya?

Tugas:

3) Estimate Average Req (EAR)

50 orang laki-laki dewasa di suatu RT dengan
masing-masing kebutuhan energinya. Berapa EAR
nya?
4) Protein and Micronutrients :
50 orang wanita dewasa di 5 Dasa wisma dengan
masing-masing kebutuhan protein. Berapa RNI utk:
Protein, Fe dan Iodium nya ?

Tugas:

5) Protein and Micronutrients :

50 orang wanita dewasa di 5 Dasa wisma dengan
masing-masing kebutuhan protein. Berapa LRNI nya
Protein, Fe dan Iodium nya ?
- Reference Nutrient Intake (RNI), X + 2 SD
- Lower Reference Nutrient Intake (LRNI), X - 2 SD
4) Fat and Carbohydrates : given as a populatio
average value, expressed as a percentage of total
Energy intake

THANK YOU