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BATTERIES
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CHAPTER OUTLINE
Understanding the relationship between cells
and batteries.
Understanding the cells that connected in series,
parallel and series-parallel.
WHAT IS CELL?
WHAT IS BATTERY?
PRIMARY CELLS
SECONDARY CELLS
Secondary cells can be recharged after use, t
ht is, the conversion of chemical energy to
electrical energy is reversible and the cell may be
used many times. Examples of secondary cells
include the lead-acid cell and the alkaline cell.
Practical applications of such cells include car
batteries, telephone circuits and for traction
purposes.
i.e Lead-acid cell, alkaline cell.
Secondary
Dischargeonceonly
Rechargeable
Internalstructureismoresimple
Internalstructureis morecomplex
biggerqualityratioandvolumerati
o
Lowerqualityratioandvolumerati
o
Biggerimpedance
Lowerimpedance
Lower self-discharge
Higher self-discharge
INTERNAL RESISTANCE
Fig. 1
BATTERY IN SERIES
V1
V2
V3
VT = V1+V2+V3
BATTERY IN PARALLEL
V1
V2
V3
VT=V1=V2=V3
BATTERY IN SERIES-PARALLEL
V2
V4