IMMUNOLOGIC STUDY OF

STREPTOLYSIN

STREPTOLYSIN
Streptolysinis
astreptococcalhemolytic exotoxin
produced by Streptococcus
pyogenes.
There are two types:
1. streptolysin O (SLO), which is
oxygen-labile
2. streptolysin S (SLS), which is
oxygen-stable.

Streptolysin O
Anantigeniccompound produced by and isolated from
groups A, C and G ofstreptococci. This cytolysin is
capable of causinglysisin animalcellsespeciallyRBCs.
It is alsocardiotoxic. It causes changes in
myocardialcontractilityand affects the
cardiacconduction system.
It results in the formation of a specific antibody called
antistreptolysin O or ASO by the host that prevents
hemolysis.

 Ablood test, known as the antistreptolysinOtitre, is sometimes used to test

for the antibodies.

People who have had a streptococcus infection

in the last few months may still have the
antibody anti-streptolysinOin their blood.
People who have an active streptococcus
infection may also have the presence of this
antibody in the blood.

 Thistitrehas a significance only if it is greatly

elevated (>200).
The antibody levels begin to rise after 1 to 3
weeks of strep infection, peaks in 3 to 5 weeks
and falls back to insignificant levels in 6 months.
High ASO titer is seen in rheumatic fever,
scarlet fever, glomerulonephritis, bechets
disease

ASO TEST
The ASO latex test kit serology kit is
intended for the qualitative and
semi-quantitative measurement of
antibodies to streptococcal
exoenzymes in human serum.

PRINCIPLE
ASO test method is based on an
immunological reaction between
streptococcal exoenzymes bound to
biologically inert latex particles and
streptococcal antibodies in the test sample.
The reagent has been adjusted in the way
that presence of an ASO titer of 200 IU/mL or
higher in the serum gives a visible
agglutination of the latex particles without
previous sample dilution.

Procedure for qualitative

test
1. Bring the latex controls and serum sample
to room temperature.
2. Place 1 drop(50 microL) of ASO positive
control on field 1 of reaction slide.
3. Place 1 drop(50 microL) of ASO negative
control on field 2 of reaction slide
4. Use pipette/stir stick to deliver 1 drop of
undiluted test serum sample to field 3.
5. Gently suspend the AO latex reagent and
add 1 drop to each test field.

 Normal Results
A negative test result means you likely have not had a recent strept
infection.Sometimes, a test that was negative the first time will be
positive (meaning it detects ASO antibodies) when it is done again.

Abnormal Results Mean

An abnormal or positive test result means you recently had a strep
infection, even if you had no symptoms. The ASO test may stay
positive (sometimes called detectable) for 2 to 4 months after
youwere first infected.
It is shown by agglutination

RESULT

POSITIVE