Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
TO MEASURE
PROBLEM SOLVING
AND CRITICAL
THINKING
A step-by-step procedure
for creating problemsolving measures:
phenomenon.
4. Criticize a prediction of explanation made by
others
Step 3:
Set up the problem
situation in which the principle or
principles
selected
operate.
Present the problem to a class
with
directions
to
draw
a
conclusion or conclusions and give
several supporting reasons for
their answer
Step 4:
Edit the students
responses, selecting those that
are most representative of their
thinking.
These will include
conclusions
and
supporting
reasons that are both acceptable
and unacceptable
Administer test.
thorough class
Deduction
Credibility
Induction
Assumption-identification
Following are examples of these types
of items:
DEDUCTION
1. If these beings are from Earth, then another
space ship must have landed on Nicoma. But no
other space ship has landed on Nicoma.
Suppose that what the speaker says is true.
Then must this be true?
These beings are not from Earth.
A. Yes, it must be true.
B. No, it cannot be true.
C. We cannot tell for sure from the information
given
CREDIBILITY
2. Which underlined statement is more
believable?
A. The health officer says, This water is safe
to drink.
B. Several others are soldiers. One of them
says, This water supply is not safe.
C. A and B are equally believable.
INDUCTION
Mr. Brown, who lives in the town of Salem, was
brought before the Salem municipal court for the
sixth time in the past month on a charge of
keeping his pool hall open after 1A.M. He again
admitted his guilt and was fined the maximum ,
$500, as in each earlier instance.
3. On some nights it was to Mr. Browns
advantage to keep his pool hall open after 1
A.M., even at the risk of paying a $500 fine.
This statement is
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
True
Probably true
Probably false
False
Insufficient data
ASSUMPTION IDENTIFICATION
4. Since about half the villagers have very short
hair, I think that at least half are male.
A. Half are female
B. All males have short hair
C. Only males have short hair
Fat Mice
Black Tail
White Tail
Thin Mice
If the
1. Recall
A. Simple recall
1.
hydrogen
2.
peroxide?
the
most
contemporary life?
profound
effect
on
2. UNDERSTANDING
A. Comparison of two phenomena on a single designated basis
1. Compare the writers of the English Renaissance to those of
the 19th century in their abilities to describe nature.
B. Comparison of two phenomena in general
1. Compare the French and Russian Revolutions
C. Explanation of the use or exact meaning of a phrase or
statement
1. The Book of John begins In the beginning was the word
From what philosophical system does this statement derive?
2. UNDERSTANDING
D. Summary of a text or some portion of it
1.
3. APPLICATION
It should be clearly understood that whether or not a question elicits
application depends on the preceding educational experience. If a
particular analysis has been taught explicitly, a question involving that
analysis is a matter of simple recall.
A. Causes or effects
1. Why can too frequent reliance on penicillin for the
treatment of minor ailments eventually result in its
diminished effectiveness against major invasion of body
tissues by infectious bacteria?
2. Why did fascism flourish in Italy and Germany but not in
England and the United States?
3. APPLICATION
B. Analysis (it is advisable not to use the word analysis in the
question itself)
1.
3. APPLICATION
E. Application of rules or principles in specified situations
1. I would you weigh more or less on the moon? On the sun?
Explain.
F. Reorganization of facts
1. Some writers have concluded that the American
Revolution was not merely a political revolution against
England bur
also a social revolution, within the colonies, of
the poor against the wealthy. Using the available evidence
to support this assertion, what other conclusion is possible
4. JUDGMENT
A. Decision for or against
1. Should members of the Communist Party be allowed to
teach in American colleges? Why or why not?
2. Is nature or nurture more influential in determining human
behavior? Why?
B. Discussion
1. Discuss the likelihood that four-year private liberal arts
colleges will gradually be replaced by junior colleges and
state universities
4. JUDGMENT
C. Criticism of the adequacy, correctness, or relevance of a
statement
1.