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4.1 Introduction
The ultimate storehouse of a city's MSW
In some cases, landfill is the only MSWM
option available
Effective operation depends on planning,
administration, and management of MSWM
system. (Institutional, policy, regulations)
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Planning 4.2
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Required capacity:
Capacity refers area and volume required
over the useful life
It depends on the generation rate, rate of
population growth, density and waste
compacted at landfill and maximum inplace elevation.
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Hydro-geology:
Include water table, hydrological conductivity of
the soil, surface water, precipitation and others;
ideally, landfill should be sited in an area:
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Hydro-geology:
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Costs:
The costs may be broken into:
Capital costs which often determine the type
of facility that can be constructed.
Operating costs of the facility
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4.3 Classification
Three general categories:
1. Open dumps
2. Controlled dumps
3. Sanitary landfills
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Sitting
Sitting can be one of the most difficult
processes in the landfill process. The main
considerations are:
Capacity
Public involvement in the sitting process
Hydro-geology/cover material
Access
Proximity to airports
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:Capacity
Available land area to minimize costs
associated with design, permitting, sitting, and
closure and post-closure requirements, Ideally
capacity for 10 - 20 years of operation in case
.of sanitary landfills
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Public Involvement:
The planner must be prepared to involve
potentially affected communities in the sitting
process.
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Hydro Geology:
It is desirable to take advantage of the geology
of a site (types of soil and rock)
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Do site landfills:
above clay soils;
above igneous rock; and
where cover material is available
nearby.
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Cover material.
The compacted MSW must be covered by
15-30 centimeters of soil at the end of each
day's operations. The availability of cover
material is also an important consideration in
the sitting decision.
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Access:
The ideal location would therefore be
sufficiently far from the city to allow for future
population growth, but close enough to be
reasonably accessible.
The roads that provide access to a landfill
must be adequate to handle the types and
quantity of vehicles that will be used.
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Proximity to Airports:
A landfill should not be sited closer than two
kilometers from the nearest airport. Birds
converging at the landfill may pose a problem
for aircraft
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Other Considerations:
Sloping area will facilitate leachate collection.
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Capacity
Controlled Dump: In case of planned
capacity may not be protected by zoning and
land use restriction, the landfill planner must
use the designated site strategically to
minimize the risk of future incursion by
municipal development and maximize the total
area available over the lifetime (acquisition of
property surrounding site)
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capacity
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Leachate recirculation
over waste in landfills showed an increase
the quantity (by factor of 10) and quality of
methane gas for recovery as well as possibly
reduces the concentration of contaminants in
leachate and enhances the settling of the
waste.
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Tipping area should be at the working cell. This requires the design of
access roads to these locations within the site.
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Closure/post-closure plans
Essential closure and post-closure elements are:
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Closure/post-closure plans
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Community relations
The designer should establish a program for
ongoing dialog with community. This should be
based on transparency in landfill operations
and procedures to addressing community
concerns. Some facilities offer give-backs to
their host community.
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