MALAYSIAN

EXPERIENTIAL
TOURISM

HOSPITALITY &
RELATED INDUSTRY:
DEFINITION & LODGING

HB201

LEARNING OUTLINE
Introduction on Hospitality
industry
Characteristics of Hospitality
Industry
Components of Hospitality
Industry
Historical Perspectives

HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
Hospitality is the cordial and generous
reception and entertainment of guests or
strangers, either socially or commercially.
The Hospitality Industry is comprised of
those businesses which practice the act of
being hospitable; those businesses which
are characterized by generosity and
friendliness to guests.

HOSPITALITY
Derives from the Latinhospes - meaning
"host", "guest", or "stranger"
Relationship between the guest and the host,
or the act or practice of being hospitable.
The act of kindness in welcoming and looking
after the basic needs of customers or
strangers, mainly in relation to food, drink and
accommodation.

CHARACTERISTICS OF
HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY

COMPONENTS OF HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY

1. Lodging Operations
-such as hotels, resorts, motels etc.
2. Transportation Services
-such as taxi, train, cruise ships, etc.
3. Food and Beverage Operations
-such as restaurants, bars, etc.
4. Retail Stores
-such as souvenir shops, etc.
5. Activities
-such as recreations, festivals, etc.

HISTORICAL
PERSPECTIVES
Being hospitable can be traced back to the
civilizations of Sumeria, Ancient Egypt, Ancient
Greece, Rome and Biblical Times.
Two possible explanations why people in ancient
times felt required to be hospitable:
1. They felt that providing hospitality to strangers
were necessary to their religious well-being and
2. Having superstitious belief.

HISTORICAL
PERSPECTIVES
The need for a place to stay away from
home is as old as the first nomadic
traveler.
Trading between two cultures created
the need for groups of people to travel
often great distances.

HISTORICAL
PERSPECTIVES
Along these trade routes, certain stopping
points became favored out of necessity.

These stopping points became known as

junction points that grew into trading
centers and eventually evolved into cities.

HISTORICAL
PERSPECTIVES
Journey segment is the maximum reasonable
distance traveled in one day along trade and
caravan routes.
At these journey segments, lodging facilities
became a need.
They were called relay houses in China, khans
in Persia, and tabernas in Rome.
At some point, innkeepers began to
incorporate food and beverage service in their
operations.

HISTORICAL
PERSPECTIVES
Another development was the Roman network
of roads that crisscrossed Europe and parts of
Asia and Africa. These roads provided fast and
safe routes for travelers.

HISTORICAL
PERSPECTIVES
1282 - The concept of
hospitality was changed in
Florence, Italy.
The innkeepers created a guild
or associations that formed
hospitality into business.

HISTORICAL
PERSPECTIVES
The industrial revolution of the
mid-1700s created new modes of
transportation
that
further
changed the way people traveled.
The emergence of railroads and
later the automobile played large
roles in lodgings history because
both dramatically increased the
lengths of journey segments for a

HISTORICAL
PERSPECTIVES
As the evolution of lodging continued, new
facilities began to emerge as an option for
travelers.
The wealthy and landed aristocracy of the
world began to view the many spare rooms in
their castles and estates as sources of
revenue.
The best example of this can be traced back
to the English and colonial inns of the 1700s.

DIFFERENCES
Colonial inns
offered rooms to
anyone who
could afford to
pay
Colonial inns
regularly offered
large rooms with
several beds
inside.
Colonial inns
were better

English inns were

most often reserved
for the aristocracy.
English inns rented
out individual
sleeping rooms
English inns could
offer private guest
rooms

WHAT IS HOTEL?
The word hotel is the Anglicized version of the
French hotel garni, which translates into large,
furnished mansion.
The first lodging facility that can be directly
considered a precursor of the modern hotel was
the 73 rooms City Hotel built in New York in 1794.
It is a significant milestones in the evolution of
lodging because its sole purpose was to house
guests. All the previous inns were homes first,
and lodging facilities second.

WHAT IS HOTEL?
an establishment held out by the
proprietor as offering sleeping
accommodation to any person
presenting himself who appears
able and willing to pay a
reasonable sum for the services
and facilities provided and who is
in a fit state to be received.

CLASSIFICATION OF
HOTELS
1. According to Size:

a. Small Scale (under 150 rooms)

b. Medium Scale (150 to 299 rooms)

c. Large Scale (300 and above)

2. ACCORDING TO TARGET
MARKET:
Commercial Hotels
Airport Hotels

Time-Share and
Condominium

Suite Hotels

Casino Hotels

Residential Hotels

Conference Centers

Resort Hotels

Convention Hotels

Bed and Breakfast

Hotels

Alternative Lodging
Properties

3. ACCORDING TO LEVELS OF
SERVICE
a. World-Class Service
b. Medium-Range Service
c. Economy / Limited
Service

4. ACCORDING TO TYPE OF
OWNERSHIP AND
AFFILIATION
Private
An independent hotel owned by a person/partnership/private company e.g. Shamrock
Hotel
Local group
Several hotels owned by a local company
e.g. The Kowloon Hotel,, Harbour Plaza North Point and Harbour Plaza Resort City are
all owned by Harbour Plaza Hotels & Resorts
International group
A hotel which is part of an international chain of hotels
e.g. JW Marriott Kuala Lumpur is part of the Marriott International, Inc.

5. REASONS FOR
TRAVELING
a.Business Travel
. b. Pleasure Travel
. c. Group Travel
. d. Buying Influences

6. ACCORDING TO
QUALITY RANKING
a. Deluxe
b. First Class
c. Standard
d. Economy

7. ACCORDING TO
LOCATION
a.Center City
b.Suburban
c.Resort
d.Airport
e.Highway

UNIQUE & SPECIALTY

HOTEL
Historic Inns and
boutique hotels
Bunker hotels

Railway hotels

Cave hotels

Straw bale hotels

Cliff hotels

Transit hotels

Capsule hotels

Treehouse hotels

Ice, snow and igloo hotels

Garden hotels
Referral hotel

Underwater hotels

LARGEST HOTEL
In 2006, Guinness World Records
listed the First World Hotel in
Genting Highlands, Malaysia, as the
world's largest hotel with a total of
6,118 rooms.
The Izmailovo Hotel in Moscow has
the most rooms, with 7,500,
The Venetian and The Palazzo
complex in Las Vegas (7,117 rooms)
MGM Grand Las Vegas complex
(6,852 rooms).

OLDEST HOTEL

the oldest hotel in operation is the Nisiyama Onsen Keiunkan in

Yamanashi, Japan.
Opened in 707 A.D. has been operated by the same family for fortysix generations.
The title was held until 2011 by the Hoshi Ryokan, in the Awazu
Onsen area of Komatsu, Japan, which opened in the year 718, as the
history of the Nisiyama Onsen Keiunkan was virtually unknown.

HIGHEST HOTEL
The Ritz-Carlton Hong
Kong claims to be the
world's highest hotel.
It is located on the top
floors
of
the
International Commerce
Centre in Hong Kong.
484 metres (1,588 ft)
above ground level.

ACCOMMODATION &
CHARACTERISTICS
Name(s)
Characteristics
These hotels are located within the heart of a city. The
City centre type may vary greatly from business, suites, residential,
hotels
economy, mid-scale to luxury.
Suburban Suburban hotels tend to be smaller properties which
usually provide full-service, and locate in suburban area.
hotels
These hotels are designed especially to accommodate air
travellers. They offer a mix of facilities and amenities.
Airport The majority offer guests transportation to and from the
hotels
airport.

They are designed for overnight stays for car

travellers, often with very basic facilities. The rooms
Highway usually have direct access to an open parking lot.
hotels/Motels They are often smaller than most hotels. They are
located on the outskirts of towns and cities
These hotels can have 2000 rooms or more. In
addition to accommodation, they provide extensive
meeting and function space for holding conventions.
There are banquet areas within and around the hotel
Convention complex. Most of them provide an in-house laundry,
a business centre, airport shuttle service, and 24-hour
hotels
room service. They are often in close proximity to
convention centres and other convention hotels.

Commercial They are located in downtown areas. They tend to

hotels
be smaller than convention hotels. Meeting and
function space are smaller, and there are fewer
banquet areas.
Resort hotels These hotels are located in picturesque, sometimes
remote settings. Guests travel long distance to
resorts. Usually, they tend to stay longer. Resorts
typically provide a comprehensive array of
recreational amenities, as well as a variety of food
& beverage outlets ranging from informal to finedining restaurants.

They are located in resort-type settings or as part of city spa

hotels. They provide accommodations, spa treatments,
programs and cuisine. Programs offered vary widely.
They may include relaxation/stress management,
Spa hotels
fitness, weight management, grief/life change and
pilates/yoga. Spas have professional staff that often include
dieticians, therapists, masseurs, exercise physiologists, and in
some cases, physicians.
This is a type of shared ownership where a buyer purchases the
right to use the property for a portion of each year. In many
Timeshares/ cases, when the timeshare is purchased, the buyer receives a
Vacation deed. This indicates that the buyer can use the property each year
ownership at the time specified for the number of years based on the deed
and the purchase can be handed down to the buyers heirs.

They have gambling operations which are the major

revenue centres. They also provide live entertainment. A
wide variety of luxury amenities, hotel services
Casino
including fine and casual dining and shopping centres
hotels
are typically available on site.
The guest rooms in these hotels are larger than normal
hotel rooms, with separate areas for working, sleeping
and relaxing. A living area or parlour is typically
separated from the bedroom, and some properties offer a
All-suite
kitchen set-up in the rooms. The amenities and services
hotels
can vary widely. They can be found in various locations
such as urban, suburban, or residential.

Boutique hotels differentiate themselves from

traditional hotels and motels by providing personalized
accommodation and services/facilities. They are
sometimes known as "design hotels" or "lifestyle
hotels". The price varies greatly. They are very
different in their look and feel from traditional
Boutique lodging properties. They are more intimate, and,
hotels perhaps, more luxurious, and stand out as an
individual. The amenities vary greatly depending on
what the hotels environment and theme chosen. For
example, a boutique hotel may not offer Wi-Fi Internet,
air conditioning, or cable/pay TV if it is focus on
comfort and solitude.

These properties cater to guests who stay for an

Extended- extended period. They usually offer full kitchen
stay hotels/ facilities, shopping services, business services and
Serviced limited housekeeping services.
Apartments
These properties have historic significance. They
Historic have been converted into lodging establishments
conversion with retention of their historic character.
hotels

They are usually family-owned. They are private homes whose

owner lives on or near the premises and rents out rooms to
overnight guests. The paid accommodation typically includes
Bed and breakfast. A popular term is B&Bs (i.e. bed and breakfast
breakfast provided). The host often provides guests with assistance
inns (B&Bs) regarding directions, and information regarding the local area
including sightseeing suggestions. It is usually located in rural
areas and villages.

Guest
houses

Guest houses are similar to bed and breakfast inns. They range
from low-budget rooms to luxury apartments. They tend to be like
small hotels in bigger cities. Though the facilities are limited,
most rooms are air-conditioned with en-suite shower and toilet.

Hostels

Cabins

They are very cheap accommodation. The sleeping

arrangements are usually in dormitory style and
there may also be self-catering facilities on site.
They are bedrooms on a ship or train for
passengers.

They are self-catering accommodation in a private

Villas/Chalets bungalow, usually rented to prestigious or
(usually found renowned guests. In many cases, it refers to a
in skiing and small cottage with an overhanging roof in a
beach resorts) seaside resort, e.g. beach houses.