Palm

lndustry

Grou
p5

Members of Group 5
Ayu R
Ismiyanti Khairunisa
Muhamad Luthf
Muhamad Sumantri
Nurazizah Inayati
Parmitha Utami
Puji
Rahmawati Nur

OUT LINE
Introduction
Result of Palm
Development of
Palm Industry
Palm Oil Industry
Pottency of Palm Oil
Industry
1

Introduction
Kingdom

Plants

Division

Magnoliophyta

Class

Liliopsida

Ordo

Arecales

Family

Arecaceae

species

Elaeis

Species of Palm
Elaeis guineensis
from Africa

Elaeis oleifera
from America

Physical Properties of
Oil Palm
Compound
leaf

Palm

Stem of Oil Palm

Kernel Palm Oil obtained

from endosperm (kernel) of
palm.

Fundamental Oil Palm constitutes endosperm and

embryos with high-grade fundamental obstetric oil.

Breeding of Palm
GENERATIVE

POLLINATION

FERTILIZATIO
N

Breeding of Palm
EMBRYO

germinate
PLUMULA

RADICLE

of Palm Trees Plantation in Indo

Source :
BKPM

Kementrian Pertanian,

Development of Palm Industry

Palm oil is one of source that earn foreign
exchange in indonesia.
The development of the sub-sectors of
palm oil plantations in Indonesia can not
be separated from government policies
especially the ease in terms of licensing
and investment subsidies for plantation
development people with PIR-Bun and the
opening of new areas for the area
private estates.

Palm Oil
Industry

Palm Oil
Palm oil products as having two
aspects of food quality.
The first aspect relates to the
quantity and quality of fatty acids,
moisture and levels of impurities.
The second aspect relates to the
taste, aroma and clarity as well as
purity of the product.

Quality Standar of Palm Oil

Free fatty acid

Water
Iodium
Peroxide
Iron
Colour

Component

Max.

Free fatty acid

3%

Water

0,2%

Iodium

50 gram

Peroxide

0,05%

Iron

5 ppm

Colour

Orange

Chemical
Composition of Palm
Tryglycerides
Quantity (%)
OilPalmito-Dioleine
32-48
Oleo-Dipalmitine

21-43

Oleo-Palmitostearine
Linoleo-Dioleine
Tripalmitine

10-11
3-12
3-5

Dipalmito-Stearine
Stearo-Dioleine
Oleo- Miristopalmitine

1-3
0-6
0-5

Chemical Composition of Palm

Oil

glycerol
tryglicerides

Fatty acid
water

Palm Oil Refning Process

PALM OIL PROCESSING STERILIZATION

Heat treatment destroys oil-splitting enzymes and

arrests hydrolysis and autoxidation.
Fruit cooking weakens the pulp structure.
When high-pressure steam is used for sterilization, the
heat causes the moisture in the nuts to expand.
To ensure evacuation of air from the sterilizer.

PALM OIL PROCESSING THRESHING

At this step, the

separating of fruits
from bunch by
mechanical
stripping using
rotary drum,with
rotation speed of
23-25 rpm.

PALM OIL PROCESSING DIGESTION

The digester commonly used consists of a
steam-heated cylindrical vessel fitted with a
central rotating shaft carrying a number of beater
(stirring) arms.
to reduce the viscosity of the oil, destroys the
fruits outer covering (exocarp), and completes
the disruption of the oil cells already begun in the
sterilization phase.

PALM OIL PROCESSING PRESSING

The fruits that already crushed

inserted into the pressing tool
(screw press).
The process to get the crude oil
from the mesocarp.
Obtained from this process crude oil, pulp, and seeds.
Seeds were mixed with the fiber will be put into the cake breaker conveyor
apparatus to be separated between the seed and fiber.

PALM OIL PROCESSING CLARIFICATION (1)

The main point of clarification is to
separate the oil from its entrained
impurities.
The resulting crude oil must be
refined.
Prevents deterioration of the oil
due to hydrolysis and oxidation.
The process of separation of oil,
water, and dirt carried by the
deposition system, centrifugation,
and evaporation.

PALM OIL PROCESSING CLARIFICATION (2)

Vibrating
Screen

Crude Oil
Tank

Continous
Clarifier
Tank

Oil Tank

Oil Purifier

Vacum
Drier

Storage
Tank (CPO)

Development of Palm Oil

Palm oil is one of source that earn foreign
exchange in indonesia.
The development of the sub-sectors of
palm oil plantations in Indonesia can not be
separated from government policies
especially the ease in terms of licensing
and investment subsidies for plantation
development people with PIR-Bun and the
opening of new areas for the area
private estates.

Other Benefts of Palm

Oil
Another benefit of the palm oil industry, among others:
a. As an alternative fuel Biodiesel
b. As food livestock nutrition (shell processing results)
c. As the compost material (shell processing results)
d. As a basic ingredient other industries (soap industry,
cosmetic industry, industry
the food)
e. As a remedy for the content of vegetable oils with
high prospects
f. As material particle board (dang stem midrib).

Pottency of Palm Oil

Products Export and

Import

 Based on data from the Ministry of

Agriculture (2012), Indonesian palm oil
production amounted to 17.54 million tons
in 2008 to 23.52 million tons in 2012, with
average growth of 7.7% per year in the
period 2008-2012.
Palm oil produced in Indonesia fraction
consumed domestically as raw material in
the manufacture of cooking oil,
oleochemical, soap, margarine, and most
of the others are exported in the form of
palm oil or crude palm oil (CPO) and palm
2

The development of Indonesia's palm oil

exports in 1991-2000 fluctuated, the export
volume gradually, the land rose from 2001
until it reaches its highest point in 2009 and
then dropped in 2010 with the value of a
decrease of 966 681 kg.

ISSUES

Conclusion
Palm oil dapat digunakan untuk
banyak hal, contohnya sebagai
minyak goreng, bahan bakar
alternatif, bahan baku dasar di
proses industri dan lainnya.