Evoluo da navegao e a

ampliao dos portos

Semana da engenharia UFSC/PET

Slvio dos Santos
Outubro 2008

Copyright 1999-2005, Jean-Paul

Rodrigue, Dept. of Economics & Geography,
Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, 11549
USA.
Jean-paul.Rodrigue@hofstra.edu
You may use the figures within for
educational purposes only. No modification
or redistribution permitted.
For more information:
http://people.hofstra.edu/geotrans

Early European Sailships -1492

An Early Steamship, The Great

Britain, 1845

VLCC, Persian Gulf - 1975

Comparison between a
Contemporary and Second World
War Tanker

Modern VLCC (305 m)

T2 Tanker (153 m)

1942

1975

SUPER PETROLEIRO
Capacidade
458.000 t
Comprimento 378
m
Largura 68 m
Calado 28 m
ULCC ultra large
crude carrier
Operao off-shore

NAVIOS ROLL ON ROLL OFF

Derivados dos ferryboat
1 na dcada 70
Transporte de veculos
Transporte de grandes
volumes
LASH light aboard ship
SEABEE barge elevator

Ideal-X being Loaded, 1956

Five Generations of Containerships

First Generation (1956-1970)

Length Draft
135 m

Converted Cargo Vessel

Converted Tanker

200 m

<9m
< 30 ft

215 m

10 m
33 ft

TEU
500
800

Second Generation (1970-1980)

Cellular Containership

1,000
2,500

Third Generation (1980-1988)

3,000

250 m
Panamax Class

290 m

11-12 m
36-40 ft

4,000

Fourth Generation (1988-2000)

Post Panamax

275
305 m

11-13 m
36-43 ft

4,000
5,000

335 m

13-14 m
43-46 ft

5,000
8,000

Fifth Generation (2000-?)

Post Panamax Plus

Emma Maersk - 2007

Novas tecnologias

Basic Constraints of Port Sites

Land Access

Land Space

Port
Infrastructures

Interface

Maritime Space

Maritime Access

Port Sites
In a delta

In an estuary

Margin of a delta

Near an estuary

Along a river

In a bay

Natural harbors

Protected

Harbor Types

Coastal Natural

Coastal Breakwater

River Basins

River Tide Gates

Coastal Tide Gates

River Natural

Canal or Lake

Open Roadstead

Port Functions
Maritime Space
Regional
port

Main port

Rail transport
Road transport
FDC

Maritime
transport

Freight distribution center

Infrastructure

Services to
ships

Import activity

FDC

Main port

Services to
merchandises

Export activity

Foreland

Regional
port

Hinterland

FDC

Land Space

The Evolution of a Port

Expansion

Setting

1
2

Downtown
Urban expansion

Specialization

Terminal facilities
Port-related activities

Water depth

Rail
Highway

Reconversion

Evolution of the Port of

Rotterdam

Leiden
Development
Phases

Wassenaar

United Kingdom

Voorschoten

1400 - 1800
1800 - 1900

Netherlands

1920 - 1940
Germany

1946 - 1960

Belgium

France

Den Haag

1960 Zoetermeer

Luxembourg

1970

1970 - 2000
Pijnacker
's-Gravenzande

Delft
Naaldwijk

Capelle aan den IJssel

Maassluis
Vlaardingen

Krimpen aan den IJssel

Schiedam

Rotterdam
Hoogvliet
Barendrecht
Spijkenisse

Hellevoetsluis

Oud-Beijerland

1.5

12
Miles

Poles of the Global Economy

North America

Western Europe
East Asia

Economies
Underdeveloped
Developing
Newly Industrializing
Advanced
Oil Export / Rent

The Geographical Space of

Maritime Transportation
Northwest

Gibraltar

Suez
Malacca

Panama

P
Sunda

Magellan

Good Hope

Throughput of the Worlds Major Ports,

1997-2000 (in millions of metric tons)

Container Traffic of the World 20

Largest Ports, 2003

Global Exports of
Merchandises, 1963-2003

Share of Containerized Cargo in

Global Trade, 1980-2000

Average Cost per TEU by

Containership Capacity and By Route,
1997

World Container Fleet (in

thousand TEUs)