IBM Software Group | DB2 Curriculum Course

DB2 Optimizer Guidelines Usage

Speaker name: Anthony E. Reina

Email: aereina@ca.ibm.com

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Optimizer Profiles
Mechanism to alter default access plan
Overrides the default access plan selected by the optimizer.
Instructs the optimizer how to perform table access or join.
Allows users to control specific parts of access plan.
Can be employed without changing the application code
Compose optimization profile, add to db, rebind targeted
packages.
Should only be used after all other tuning options
exhausted
Query improvement, RUNSTATS, indexes, optimization class,
db and dbm configs, etc.
Should not be employed to permanently mitigate the effect
of inefficient queries.
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Optimizer Profiles
Anatomy of an optimizer profile:
XML document
Elements and attributes used to define optimization guidelines.
Must conform to a specific optimization profile schema.
Profile Header (exactly one)
Meta data and processing directives.
Example: schema version.
Global optimization guidelines (at most one)
Applies to all statements for which profile is in effect.
Example: eligible MQTs guideline defining MQTs to be considered for routing.
Statement optimization guidelines (zero or more)
Applies to a specific statement for which profile is in effect.
Specifies directives for desired execution plan.

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Optimizer Profiles
Anatomy of an optimizer profile (continued):
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<OPTPROFILE VERSION="9.7.0.0">
<OPTGUIDELINES>
<MQT NAME="Test.AvgSales"/>
<MQT NAME="Test.SumSales"/>
</OPTGUIDELINES>
<STMTPROFILE ID="Guidelines for TPCD">
<STMTKEY SCHEMA="TPCD">
<![CDATA[SELECT * FROM TAB1]]>
</STMTKEY>
<OPTGUIDELINES>
<IXSCAN TABLE=TAB1"
INDEX="I_SUPPKEY"/>
</OPTGUIDELINES>
</STMTPROFILE>

Profile Header

Global optimization
guidelines section.
Optional but at most
one.
Statement guidelines
section. Zero or more.

</OPTPROFILE>
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Optimizer Profiles
Each statement profile contains a statement key (STMTKEY)
and one or more statement-level optimization guidelines
(OPTGUIDELINES).
The statement key identifies the statement or query to
<STMTKEY
which
the SCHEMA="TPCD">
statement-level optimization guidelines apply.
<![CDATA[SELECT * FROM TAB1]]>
</STMTKEY>

The statement-level optimization guidelines identify one of

more
directives, e.g. access or join requests, which specify
<OPTGUIDELINES>
methods
<IXSCAN
for TABID=TAB1"
accessing INDEX="I_SUPPKEY"/>
or joining tables in the statement.
</OPTGUIDELINES>

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Optimizer Profiles
Optimizer guidelines:
Access plan guidelines:
Base access request (method to access a table, e.g. TBSCAN, IXSCAN)
Join request (method and sequence for performing a join, e.g. HSJOIN,
NLJOIN)
Query rewrite guidelines:
INLIST2JOIN (convert IN-list to join)
SUBQ2JOIN (convert subquery to join)
NOTEX2AJ (convert NOT EXISTS subquery to anti-join)
NOTIN2AJ (convert NOT IN subquery to anti-join)
General optimization guidelines:
REOPT (ONCE/ALWAYS/NONE)
MQT choices
QRYOPT (set the query optimization class)
RTS (limit the amount of time taken by real-time statistics collection)
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Optimizer Profiles
How to create and use an optimizer profile:
1. Create the SYSTOOLS.OPT_PROFILE table in the SYSTOOLS
schema:

Using the CREATE TABLE statement:

CREATE TABLE SYSTOOLS.OPT_PROFILE (

SCHEMA VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
NAME VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
PROFILE BLOB (2M) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY ( SCHEMA, NAME ));

Schema name
Profile name
Profile XML

Using the SYSINSTALLOBJECTS procedure:

db2 "call sysinstallobjects('opt_profiles', 'c', '', '')"

2. Compose optimization profile in XML file prof1.xml.

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Optimizer Profiles
How to create and use an optimizer profile (continued):
3. Create file prof1.del as follows:
"EXAMPLE","PROF1","prof1.xml"

4. Import prof1.del into SYSTOOLS.OPT_PROFILE table as

follows:
IMPORT FROM prof1.del OF DEL
MODIFIED BY LOBSINFILE
INSERT INTO SYSTOOLS.OPT_PROFILE;

5. Enable the PROF1 profile for the current session:

db2 "set current optimization profile = 'EXAMPLE.PROF1'"

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Optimizer Profiles
Checking if the guidelines are applied:
SQL0437W reason code 13 is issued if there were problems
with applying the guidelines (usually due to syntax error)
Db2exfmt output contains a section with details on the
problems encountered while attempting to apply the
guidelines:
Extended Diagnostic Information:
-------------------------------No extended Diagnostic Information for this statement.

Db2exfmt Profile Information section informs on which

guidelines
were used:
Profile Information:
-------------------OPT_PROF: (Optimization Profile Name)
EXAMPLE.PROF1
STMTPROF: (Statement Profile Name)
Guidelines for the items out query

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Optimizer Profiles
Example 1
Examine the optimize profile in example1.xml:
Global guideline forces OPTLEVEL 7 for all
queries in the current session.
Statement guideline forces nested loop join
method (NLJOIN) for tables MOVIE and
TRANSACTION_DETAIL for a given query.
Run example1.bat this will create and apply an
optimizer profile named PROF1. It will also collect
db2exfmt output before and after using the profile.
Compare the before and after .exfmt files how can
you tell if the guidelines were applied?
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Optimizer Profiles
Example1.xml

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Optimizer Profiles
Example1.sql

Example1.del

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Optimizer Profiles
Example1.bat

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Optimizer Profiles

Example1-base.exfmt

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Optimizer Profiles

Example1-prof1.exfmt

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Optimizer Profiles
Example 2 : Specify to always use a specific
index
Force the access plan to always use T1X
index when accessing T1 table.

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Optimizer Profiles
Example 3 : Use REOPT always
Defer the query optimization until the input
variables have been provided during
runtime.
Possible Values ONCE, ALWAYS, or NONE

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Optimizer Profiles
Example 4 : Change Optimization Level
Change the optimization level for a
particular sql.
Possible Values same as setting the
DFT_QUERYOPT

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Optimizer Profiles
Example 5 : Runtime Degree setting
Change the runtime degree of a query for
INTRA-PARTITION environment.
Possible Values same as setting the
DFT_DEGREE

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Optimizer Profiles
Example 6 : INLIST to Nested Loop Join
Change the list of values (inlist) to use the
GENROW function which is more efficient
and can improve query performance.

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Optimizer Profiles
Example 7 : Sub-Query to Join
By enabling the SUBQ2JOIN, a sub-query is
transformed to a join during query rewrite.

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Optimizer Profiles
Example 8 : Influencing Join Order
Most of the time the join order of a query
will greatly determine the query execution
performance, as filtering rows early as
possible is the most efficient.

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Usefull Links
Developer Work Article - Influence query optimization with optimization and
statistical views in DB2 V9x
http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/data/library/techarticle/dm-0612chen/index.html

DB2 V9.7 Info Center - Optimization Profiles and Quidelines

http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/db2luw/v9r7/index.jsp?topic=%2Fcom.ibm.db2.luw.admin.perf.doc
%2Fdoc%2Fc0024522.html

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Optimizer Profiles

Q&A

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