WH

oVisual Impairment
oSpeech and Language
Impairment

oAuditory Impairment
oDeaf/Blind
oAutism
oDevelopmental
Disabilities (mental

o Specific

Learning

Disabilities

o Emotional/Behavior
Disorder

o Traumatic

Brain Injury

o Multi-sensory Impairment
o Serious
o GIFTED

Health Impairments

Magna Carta for

Disabled Persons
PD 603: Child and Youth Welfare
Code.
RA 7277:

WHA
T

Adhd
Autism
Blind
Cerebral Palsy
Deaf
Downs Syndrome
Mentally retarded

A condition in which a child

exhibits signs of

developmentally
inappropriate
Hyperactivity,
Impulsivity, and
Inattention. These
characteristics are usually
present before the age of 7.

ADH

o
o
o
o
o

Has a hard time paying attention

Gets distracted easily
Doesnt seem to listen
Problems organizing information
Dislikes tasks requiring sustained
mental effort
Forgets easily & Misplaces things

o
o

o
o
o

Fidgets
Leaves seat when required to
sit
Runs, climbs excessively or
restless
Problems playing quietly
Always on the go
Excessive talking

Answers before
question is
finished
Problems with
turn taking
Interrupts other
peoples
conversations
or activities

Hyperactivity, Impulsivity &

Inattention...
- Have lots of energy
yourself!
-Dont give the child candies,
sweets
-Massage the child to calm
him down
-Try to establish routines.
They dont like suprises.

ADH
SO WHAT SHOULD YOU
DDO?

It is a developmental
disorder
of neurobiological origin
that

AUTIS

affects the child's

ability to
communicate
ideas and
feelings, use
imagination, and
establish
relationships

Delay
in
language
&
communication skills
o Do
not
spontaneously
participate in social interaction
( EX: play)
o Stereotypical
and repetitive
behavior patterns
o Skill
development
can
be
uneven
in
learning
&
development
o They sense things differently
o

Difficulty communicating, Imagining,

Connecting
-Limit physical contact
-Give the child fewer choices
to lessen confusion
-Speak clearly (not too loud)

AUTIS
SO WHAT SHOULD YOU
MDO?

It is a condition that
impairs
affects the child's

vision
It causes eyeball
deformities in the
area of the eyes

BLIN

o
o
o
o

Tends to be extremely dependent

Fearful
Easily-conscious
Easily discouraged/frustrated

Difficulty seeing, Fearful, Self-Conscious

-Introduce Yourself
-Orient them with the Surroundings
-Guide their safety
-Show the direction when theyre
speaking
-NEVER direct a question intended for
them to someone else present

BLIN
SO WHAT SHOULD YOU
DDO?

Difficulty seeing, Fearful, Self-Conscious

-Use the persons name or lightly touch
the arm of the one you are speaking to
-Give Clear Verbal Instructions
-Dont leave them alone (leave them
next to an object they can touch)

BLIN
SO WHAT SHOULD YOU
DDO?

1.

2.

GRIP- the blind person holds the guides arm

slightly above the elbow so that his thumb is on
the outside & his fingers curved to the inside.
STANCE- the one who is blind should always be
a half-step behind the guide with his shoulder
directly in line with the shoulder of the sighted
guide.
This is very important because it allows the
guide to know the location of the blind person
at all times.

3. CHANGING SIDE- the guide should stay

where he is, while the blind person keeps his
hands on the guides back , slips in behind
him, transferring his hold to the other arm of
the guide & moves to the other side.
4. NARROW SPACES- the sighted guide should
make a definite move with his arms back
wards & over to the center of his back.
The blind person responds by straightening out
his arm & steeping directly behind the guide.
Both of them now in single file.

5. OPENING DOORS- the blind person must be on

the hinge side of the door. As the guide & blind
approach the door, the guide tells the blind, we
are coming to a door.
6. GOING UP & DOWNSTAIRS- the sighted guide
should tell the blind person that they are
approaching stairs & whether they are going up
& down. The one who is blind should be on the
hand rail side because he may feel more
comfortable holding on the railing while going
upstairs.

7. SEATING- the guide takes the blinds

hands & places it on the back of the
chair so that the blind has tactile
contact & knows where the chair is.
Then the other hand of the blind should
be placed on the seat so he knows
which way the chair is facing.

It is a neurological
disorder and life-long
condition that affects
the communication
between the brain and
the muscles, causing a

CEREBR
AL

permanent state
of uncoordinated
movement and
posturing.
Movements may be stiff
or uncontrollable.

Uncoordinated movement, Physical

disability
-Support the child physically
-Always look out for the child.
-Be ready to catch your child if he/she
falls

CEREBRAL
SO
WHAT
SHOULD
YOU
PALSY
DO?

It is a condition that
impairs
affects the child's

hearing
Deaf children face
more

language

&
communication
difficulties

DEAF

o
o

Lip Reading (20-30 %

of Spoken English)
Sign Language
Affects childs
prosocial skills
May lead to
isolation, behavioral
difficulties,
aggression

Communication difficulties, isolation

-Learn Sign Language

- Be friendly
-When talking, face the child.
-Dont talk to him when he doesnt see
you.

DEAF

SO WHAT SHOULD YOU

DO?

A condition resulting
from a

chromosomal
abnormality
characterized by

mental
retardation and
such physical signs
as slanted eyes,
flattened facial features,
short status and
tendency toward obesity.

DOWNS
SYNDRO

Mental Retardation, slower

development
-Simplify things
-Be friendly

DOWNS
SO WHAT SHOULD YOU
SYNDROME
DO?

A condition in which a

IQ
that is below
average and that
person has an

affects an individuals
learning, behavior, and
development.

MENTAL
RETARDAT

Learning
Problems
Limitations in
mental ability
that influence
daily living and
adaptation

Difficulty understanding, Lower IQ

-Simplify things
-Talk in simple language

MENTAL
SO WHAT SHOULD YOU
RETARDATION
DO?

-Focus on the WHOLE child

-View things from the Childs
Perspective
-Simplify by Breaking down
tasks into simpler steps
-Use Physical assistance
-Praise
-Be a Model

GENERA
L TIPS

"There are only two ways to live

your life. One is as though nothing
is a miracle. The other is as though
everything is a miracle." - Albert
Einstein