Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Management
Dr. Syed Amir Iqbal
Resource Person
Project Management
Project Evaluation:
Help in making decision about which project
to do & why.
Dr. Syed Amir Iqbal
Project Management
Accomplished before the project
can be
Project Management
Capital Budgeting
Capital budgeting is a complex process
Planning
that may be divided
into six broad phases.
Phases:
Analysis
Selection
Financing
Implement
ation
Review
Project Management
Project Analysis
The important facets of project analysis
are:
Project Management
Project
Screening Models
Project Management
Project Selection
Screening models help managers pick
winners from a pool of projects. Screening
models are numeric or nonnumeric and
should have:
Realism
Capability
Flexibility
Ease of use
Cost effectiveness
Comparability
Dr. Syed Amir Iqbal
Project Management
Project Management
Project Management
Project
Management Growth
Dr. Syed Amir Iqbal
Resource Person
Project Management
Project Management
General systems theory implies the creation of a
management technique that is able to cut across
many organizational disciplines;
finance,
manufacturing,
engineering,
marketing,
Project Management
11
Project
Management
1940-85
Project Management
managers
time
for
Project Management
were
both
13
there
Dr. SyedAre
Amir Iqbal
If any of
the
question
answered
yes, 14
Project Management
15
Project Management
16
Project Management
17
Project
Management
1985-2010
Project Management
Capital
projects
2
.
Customer
expectations
3
.
4
.
5
.
New product
development
Efficiency
19
Efficiency and
Effectiveness
New Product
Development
Executive
Understanding
Capital
Projects
SURVIVAL
Customer
Expectations
Competitiveness
Project Management
20
Speed of Maturity
Internal
Efficiencies &
Effectiveness
Non-Project-Driven
and Hybrid
Organizations
Project-Driven
Organizations
Competitiveness
Fast
Speed of Maturity
Project Management
Slow
21
Past View
Project management will
require more people and
add to the overhead costs.
Profitability may decrease.
Project management will
increase the amount of
scope changes.
Project management
creates organizational
instability and increases
conflicts.
Dr. Syed Amir Iqbal
Present View
Past View
Project management is
really eye wash for
the customers benefit.
Project management will
create problems.
Only large projects need
project management.
Project management will
increase quality
problems.
Dr. Syed Amir Iqbal
Present View
Project management
provides a means for
problem solving.
Project management
increases quality.
Project Management
23
Past View
Project management
will create power and
authority problems.
Project management
focuses on suboptimization by looking
at only the project.
Project management
delivers products to a
customer.
The cost of project
management may make
us noncompetitive.
Dr. Syed Amir Iqbal
Present View
Project management
allows people to make
good company
decisions.
Project management
delivers solutions to a
customer.
24
Cost of Project
Management
Pegged
?
Dr. Syed Amir Iqbal
Tim
e
Project Management
25
Resistance to Change
Project Management
Industry Classification
In
Project-driven
companies,
project
managers were given the responsibility for profit
and loss.
In the nonproject-driven sectors of the
marketplace, corporate survival was based upon
products and services.
Profitability was identified through marketing and
sales.
Hybrid organizations are typically nonprojectdriven firms with one or two divisions that are
project-driven.
Organizations can most effectively run on a
by project basis,
and
thereby
Dr. Syedmanagement
Amir Iqbal
Project
Management
27
Industry Classification
Project
Driven
PM has P&L
responsibility
PM is a
recognized
profession
Hybrid
Production
driven but with
many projects
Emphasis on
new product
Present develop.
Multiple
career paths
Short product
life cycles
Income comes
from projects
Marketingorient.
Project
Management
Dr. Syed Amir Iqbal
NonProject-Driven
Very few
projects
Past
Profitability
from
production
Large brick
walls
Long life cycle
products
Product
Management
Project Management
28
Project Management
29
Project Management
30
Project Managements
Maturity & Excellence
Project Management
32
Project Management
33
Exec. Mgmt.
Line Mgmt.
Growth
Maturity
Embryoni
Executive
Acceptance
Acceptance
Development
of a Development of a
Recognize
cmethodology
Managemen
Visible executive
Embryonic
Line management
management cost/
support Need Use of lifesupport
cycle tschedule control
Executive
Line management
system
Benefitsphases Acceptance
understanding
commitment
Commitment
to Integrating cost
Applications
Line management
planning of PM and schedule
Project
education
Minimization
of control
Line
What must
Willingness to
Developing an
creeping sponsorship
scope
Managemen
be done Growth
Maturity
of
Willingness
to
release employees
educational
Selection
a
t
of to
for PM training
program
project change way
Acceptance tracking system
doing business
enhance PM skills
Project Management
34
Embryonic
Line
Managemen
t
Acceptance
Executive
Managemen
t
Acceptance
Growth
Maturity
Project Management
35
Embryoni
Recognize
c
Executive
need
Recognize
benefits
Managem
ent
Acceptanc
e
Recognize
Line
applications
Managem
Growt
Recognize h
ent
what must be
Acceptanc
edone
Maturi
ty
Project Management
36
Executive
Manageme
Executive
nt
Embryoni
Managem
Visible
executive
support
Acceptance
c
Line
Managem
ent
Acceptanc
e
ent
Acceptanc
e
Executive understanding of
project management
Project sponsorship
Growt
h
Maturi
ty
Project Management
37
Line
Management
Executive
Acceptance
Line
management
Embryoni Managem
support
c
ent
Line management
Acceptanc
commitment
e
Line management
education
Maturi
Growt
Willingness to release
ty
h
employees for project
management training
Dr. Syed Amir Iqbal
Project Management
38
Growt
Development of a
hExecutive
methodology
Embryoni Managem
Use of life cycle phases
ent
Commitment to
Acceptanc
planning
e
Line Minimization of
scope
Managemcreeping
Maturi
Growt
ent Selection of
ty
h a project
Acceptanctracking system
e
Project Management
39
Maturity
Embryoni
c
Line
Managem
ent
Acceptanc
e
Development of a
Executive
management cost/
Managem
schedule control
ent
system
Acceptanc
Integrating cost and
e
schedule
control
Developing
an
Maturi
Growt
educational program
ty
h
to enhance project
management skills
Project Management
40
b) Executive
Management
Acceptance
Executive understanding of
PM
c) Line Management
Acceptance
d) Growth
Development of a PM
methodology
e) Maturity Phase
Developing an educational
program to enhance PM
skills
Project Management
41
Phase
a)
Embryoni
c
Issue
Recognizing
the need
Recommendation
Explain the benefits of repeatable processes,
identify areas for improvement in schedule, cost
and requirements management
b) Executive Executive
Provide supporting information about project
Management understanding successes and the use of best practices
Acceptance
of PM
c) Line
Line
Management Management
Acceptance
Support
d) Growth
Development
of a PM
methodology
e) Maturity
Phase
Developing an
educational
program to
enhance PM
skills
Project Management
42
Project Management
43
OPM3 Model
Project Management
44
OPM3 Model
Knowledge : Familiarity with
the contents of the Standard is
essential.
Assessment : the
organization uses an
assessment tool to determine
areas of strength and
weakness in relation to the
body of Best Practices.
Improvement : Provides list of
incapability in the organization.
OPM3 provides guidance in
placing these in order of
importance, and this sequence
Dr. Syed
Amir Iqbal
forms
the basis for any
Project Management
45
Project Management
46
Project Management
47
High
Maturity
Institutionalized,
seeks continuous
improvement
Moderate Maturity
Defined practices, training programs,
organizational support
Low Maturity
Ad hoc process, no common language, little
support
Dr. Syed Amir Iqbal
Project Management
48
Project Management
49
Project Management
50
51
52
Project Management
Project Management
56
Project Management
57
Project Management
58
Project Management
59
Project Phases
A project phase is a collection of logically
related project activities that culminates in the
completion of one or more deliverables.
Project phases are used when the nature of
the work to be performed is unique to a
portion of the project, and are typically linked
to the development of a specific major
deliverable.
Dr. Syed Amir Iqbal
Project Management
60
Characteristics of Phases
project if necessary.
Project Management
61
Project Management
62
Project Management
63
1-Predictive Life-cycle
Project Management
64
1-Predictive Life-cycle
For example,
Construction of building
Software development
Project Management
65
exit criteria for the phase are met, allowing the project
team to incorporate feedback.
Project Management
66
For example
Implementation of new standards in an organization
Dr. Syedculture.
Amir Iqbal
Project Management
67
Project Management
68
Project Management
69
Project Management
70
Project Management
71
Project Management
72
2. Planning Phase
Identification of the resources required.
Establishment of realistic time, cost, and performance
parameters.
Initial preparation of documentation.
Dr. Syed Amir Iqbal
Project Management
73
4. Implementation Phase
Integrates the projects product or services into the
existing organization.
For product development project, product life-cycle
phases of market introduction, growth, maturity, and
Dr. Syed Amir Iqbal
Project Management
74
a portion of deterioration.
Project Management
75
Project Management
76
Project Management
77
Project Management
78
DEFINITION AND
DESIGN PHASE
RESOURCES/EFFORT
CONCEPTUAL
PHASE
IMPLEMENTATION
PHASE
CONVERSION
OR TERMINATION
PHASE
Resources
Utilized
TIME
Dr. Syed Amir Iqbal
Project Management
79
Project Management
80
Project
Stake
Resources
Creativity
Conceptualizatio
n
Dr. Syed Amir Iqbal
Planning
Execution
Uncertaint
y
Termination
Project Management
81
a) Sales
b) Marketing
c) Finance and
Accounting
d) Procurement
e) Human
Resources
f) Manufacturing
g) Engineering
Project Management
Responses or
actions that
will minimize
resistance
82