Standards for Radiation Thermometry

Frank Liebmann
NCSLi 2012

Overview

Learning Objectives
Introduction
Overview of Standards
BIPM
IEC
ASTM
VDI/VDE
MSL
EMA
Concluding Remarks

7/31/12

Liebmann - NCSL

Overview

Learning Objectives
Introduction
Overview of Standards
BIPM
IEC
ASTM
VDI/VDE
MSL
EMA
Concluding Remarks

7/31/12

Liebmann - NCSL

Learning Objectives
Gain knowledge of the published standards available
pertaining to radiation thermometry and infrared
thermometry.
Apply published standards to measurement, calibration,
and testing involving radiation thermometry and infrared
thermometry.

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Liebmann - NCSL

Introduction
Historically a lack of standards
Past 5 years, an increase of standards

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Sources

Topics

Accuracy Levels

Industrial
Standards
Laboratory
NMI

BIPM
IEC
ASTM
VDI/VDE

Usage
Calibration
Testing
Uncertainty
calculation

Liebmann - NCSL

Overview of Standards
Us Cal Un Tes NM Hig Ind
ag ibr cer t
I
h- ustri
e
atio tain Me
en al
n
ties tho
d
ds

Body

Standard

BIPM

CCT-WG508-03

IEC

IEC 62492-1

ASTM

E1256

ASTM

E2758

ASTM

E2847

VDI

3511 Part 4

VDI

3511 Part 4.2

VDI

3511 Part 4.3

VDI

3511 Part 4.4

MSL

TG22

EMA

Technical Guide Radiation Thermometer Calibration

Full applicability
Partial applicability
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Liebmann - NCSL

Overview

Learning Objectives
Introduction
Overview of Standards
BIPM
IEC
ASTM
VDI/VDE
MSL
EMA
Concluding Remarks

7/31/12

Liebmann - NCSL

BIPM
CCT-WG508-03, Uncertainty budgets for calibration of radiation
thermometers below the silver point
Scope is limited to radiation thermometers with readout in radiance
and not temperature
Useful for other types of work
Blackbody
Calibration temperature **
Impurities *
Plateau identification *
Blackbody emissivity,
isothermal
Blackbody emissivity, nonisothermal **
Reflected ambient radiation
Cavity bottom heat exchange
Convection **
Cavity bottom uniformity **
Ambient conditions **

Radiation
Thermometer
Size-of-source effect
Non-linearity
Reference
temperature
Ambient temperature
Atmospheric
absorption
Gain ratios
Noise

Calibration Equation
and Use
Interpolation error
Drift
Unknown temperature

* Fixed point blackbody only

** Variable temperature blackbody only

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Liebmann - NCSL

BIPM Sakuma-Hattori

S T
exp

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Liebmann - NCSL

C
c2
1
AT B

BIPM Other Standards

CCT/03-03, Uncertainty budgets for realization of scales by
radiation thermometry
Covers work done above the silver-point (961.78 C)
Fixed-points as blackbody sources

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Liebmann - NCSL

10

Overview

Learning Objectives
Introduction
Overview of Standards
BIPM
IEC
ASTM
VDI/VDE
MSL
EMA
Concluding Remarks

7/31/12

Liebmann - NCSL

11

IEC 62492-1
Industrial process control devices - Radiation thermometers - Part 1:
Technical data for radiation thermometers
Terms, definitions and abbreviations for radiation thermometry
How to state technical data based on these terms all related to
radiation thermometry
Measuring
temperature range
Measurement
uncertainty (accuracy)
Noise equivalent
temperature
difference
Measuring distance
Field-of-view
Distance ratio
Size-of-source
effect

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Emissivity setting
Spectral range
Influence of the
internal instrument or
ambient temperature
(temperature
parameter)
Influence of air
humidity (humidity
parameter)
Long-term stability
Short-term stability

Liebmann - NCSL

Repeatability
Interchangeability
Response time
Exposure time
Warm-up time
Operating
temperature range and
air humidity range
Storage and
transport temperature
range and air humidity
range

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IEC Work Items

Part 2 Specifications
Being drafted

Part 3 Test Methods

Not yet started

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Liebmann - NCSL

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Overview

Learning Objectives
Introduction
Overview of Standards
BIPM
IEC
ASTM
VDI/VDE
MSL
EMA
Concluding Remarks

7/31/12

Liebmann - NCSL

14

ASTM Committee E20

Committee E20 on Temperature Measurement
Subcommittees
Designation
E20.02
E20.03
E20.04
E20.05
E20.06
E20.07
E20.09
E20.90
E20.91
E20.94

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Title
Radiation Thermometry
Resistance Thermometers
Thermocouples
Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers and
Hydrometers
New Thermometers and Techniques
Fundamentals in Thermometry
Digital Contact Thermometers
Executive
Editorial and Terminology
Publication

Liebmann - NCSL

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E20.02 Roadmap
2008
Get handheld IR thermometer users to make more accurate
measurements
Usage (E2758)
Calibration (E2847)

Currently
RT Classification
Emissivity Standard
RT Manual

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Liebmann - NCSL

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ASTM E20.02 Standards

E1256-11a: Standard Test Methods for Radiation Thermometers
(Single Waveband Type)
E2758-10: Standard Guide for Selection and Use of Wideband, Low
Temperature Infrared Thermometers
E2847-11: Standard Practice for Calibration and Accuracy
Verification of Wideband Infrared Thermometers

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Liebmann - NCSL

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ASTM E1256
Standard Test Methods for Radiation Thermometers (Single Waveband
Type)
Calibration Accuracy Test Method
Repeatability Test Method
Field-of-View Test Method (Target Size Test Method)
Response Time Test Method
Warm-Up Time Test Method
Long-Term Stability Test Method (Long-Term Drift Test Method)

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Liebmann - NCSL

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ASTM E2758
Standard Guide for Selection and Use of Wideband, Low Temperature
Infrared Thermometers
Basic usage of infrared thermometers
Information on issues that may arise when using infrared
thermometry
Test methods to determine
Emissivity
Transmissivity
Reflected temperature

Graphical summary of equations for infrared thermometry

Mathematical methods to determine the error caused by emissivity
miscalculation, reflected temperature miscalculation, and
atmospheric effects
The mathematical methods use the Sakuma-Hattori Equation
Contain worked examples
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Liebmann - NCSL

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ASTM E2847
Standard Practice for Calibration and Accuracy Verification of Wideband
Infrared Thermometers
Comparison of an infrared thermometer to the radiance temperature of a
radiation source
Cavity blackbody sources
Flat-plate sources

Equipment

Thermal Radiation Source

Aperture *
Transfer Standard
Ambient Temperature Thermometer
Distance Measuring Device
Purge *

Two traceability schemes

Preparation of Equipment
Calibration Procedure
Uncertainties

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Liebmann - NCSL

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E2847

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Overview

Learning Objectives
Introduction
Overview of Standards
BIPM
IEC
ASTM
VDI/VDE
MSL
EMA
Concluding Remarks

7/31/12

Liebmann - NCSL

22

VDI/VDE
Verein Deutscher Ingenieure (VDI) and Verband der Elektrotechnik,
Elektronik und Informationstechnik (VDE)
VDI/VDE 3511 Blatt 4 Technische Temperaturmessung
Strahlungsthermometrie (VDI/VDE 3511 Part 4 Temperature
measurement in industry Radiation thermometry)
4 Documents covering radiation thermometry
Part 4, discusses basic theoretical and practical considerations
concerning radiation thermometry
Part 4.2 contains the Maintenance of the specification for radiation
thermometers
Part 4.3 is entitled Standard test methods for radiation thermometers
with one wavelength range
Part 4.4 is entitled, Calibration of radiation thermometers

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Liebmann - NCSL

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VDI/VDE

VDI/VDE 3511 Part 4.3

Measuring Temperature Range
Measurement uncertainty
(accuracy)
Influence of the internal
instrument temperature
Long-term stability
Repeatability
Noise equivalent temperature
difference
Spectral range
Target/target size
Response time
Exposure time
Operating ambient temperature
Storage temperature range

ASTM E1256
Calibration Accuracy

Long-Term Stability
Repeatability

Field-of-view
Response Time

Warm-Up Time

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Overview

Learning Objectives
Introduction
Overview of Standards
BIPM
IEC
ASTM
VDI/VDE
MSL
EMA
Concluding Remarks

7/31/12

Liebmann - NCSL

25

MSL TG22
MSL Technical Guide 22, Calibration of Low-Temperature Infrared
Thermometers.
Geared towards handheld infrared thermometers
How infrared thermometers measure temperature
Discusses influences on infrared thermometer measurement
including introduction of a measurement equation
How the signal is processed and about measurement errors
Calibration and calibration sources including the concepts of
calibrating the source by contact thermometry or by radiation
thermometry
Method to determine detector temperature for an infrared
thermometer.

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Liebmann - NCSL

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Overview

Learning Objectives
Introduction
Overview of Standards
BIPM
IEC
ASTM
VDI/VDE
MSL
EMA
Concluding Remarks

7/31/12

Liebmann - NCSL

27

Entidad Mexicana de Acreditacin

Gua Tcnica Sobre Trazabilidad e Incertidumbre en la Calibracin de
Termmetros de Radiacin
Technical Guide on Traceability and Uncertainty for Radiation
Thermometer Calibration
Purely in Spanish
Traceability
Uncertainty
Calibration schemes for calibration equipment
Good practice for radiation thermometry metrology

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Overview

Learning Objectives
Introduction
Overview of Standards
BIPM
IEC
ASTM
VDI/VDE
MSL
EMA
Concluding Remarks

7/31/12

Liebmann - NCSL

29

Concluding Remarks
Us Cal Un Tes NM Hig Ind
ag ibr cer t
I
h- ustri
e
atio tain Me
en al
n
ties tho
d
ds

Body

Standard

BIPM

CCT-WG508-03

IEC

IEC 62492-1

ASTM

E1256

ASTM

E2758

ASTM

E2847

VDI

3511 Part 4

VDI

3511 Part 4.2

VDI

3511 Part 4.3

VDI

3511 Part 4.4

MSL

TG22

EMA

Technical Guide Radiation Thermometer Calibration

Full applicability
Partial applicability
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Liebmann - NCSL

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Questions

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