INSTRUMENTASI DAN

KONTROL (MS312)
MINGGU KE 7 & 8
III, 2011/2012
Liman Hartawan

Materi Pembelajaran/
Pokok Bahasan

Metoda-metoda & Alat-alat ukur

temperatur.
Metoda-metoda & Alat-alat ukur
tekanan.
Metoda-metoda & Alat-alat ukur aliran
fluida.

Sub kompetensi

Mahasiswa mampu menjelaskan

pengukuran temperatur, tekanan, dan
laju aliran fluida.

Referensi Utama

4. Michael D. Whitt. 2004. Successful

Instrumentation and Control Systems
Design. The Instruments Systems and
Automation Society (ISA).

CONTINUOUS FLUID
FLOW MEASUREMENT

Pressure-based
flowmeters

Orifice plates

Most popular tap locations for orifice

plates

Other differential producers

Other differential
producers

Proper installation

Necessary upstream and downstream

straight-pipe lengths
Beta ratio (ratio of orifice bore diameter
to pipe diameter: = d/D)
Impulse tube tap locations
Tap finish
Transmitter location in relation to the
pipe

Flow conditioners

Untuk menghilangkan turbulensi atau

menyeragamkan kecepatan fluida

Pressure-based flowmeters

Venturi tubes and basic

principles

Proper mounting position

High-accuracy flow measurement

Velocity-based flowmeters

Vortex flowmeters

Magnetic flowmeters

Ultrasonic flowmeters

Ultrasonic flowmeters

Positive displacement flowmeters

Positive Displacement Meter

Typical Principle of Operation

Schematic of a
nutating-disk meter

Schematic of a
rotary-vane flowmeter Schematic of a
lobed-impeller flowmeter

INSTRUMENTASI &
KONTROL
Coriolis flowmeter

Coriolis flowmeter

The meter operates on an application of Newton's Second

Law

F = m.a (Force = Mass x Acceleration)

A mass element m is moving with velocity v in a rotating

tube

The tube rotates with angular velocity

Coriolis acceleration ac = 2 ( v ) acts on the mass

element

Coriolis force is F = m .2 ( v )

Principle of the Coriolis flowmeter

One or two U-shaped tubes are the basic element of the

flowmeter

Motion of rotation of the tube is replaced by oscillation

around axis

U-shaped measuring tubes oscillate by electromagnetic

force and oscillate periodically with harmonic frequency

Tubes on the pictures are at zero flow rate of medium

Design of the Coriolis sensor

U-shaped tubes is vibrated at the its natural frequency

The flowing fluid is forced to take on vertical movement of

the vibration increasing as it flows towards the bend and
decreasing as it flows away from the bend and towards the
outlet of the meter

End view of sensor tube showing fluid forces and twist of tubes

The mass flow rate can be derived by measuring the deflection angle
using the two sensors

This measurement is accomplished by measuring the relative times that

each sensor detects the midpoint crossing of the respective leg

The time difference at zero flow is null

As flow increases causing an increase in the twist angle, the time

difference between signals also increases

The time interval is proportional to the mass flow rate

Design of the Coriolis flowmeters

For practically all kinds of

fluids including slurries, twophase products and liquids
with high viscosity
Handles temperatures from
-200 C to +200 C

Chemical and petrochemical industry

Pharmaceutical industry

Food and beverage industry

Pulp and paper industry

Animated