Principles of

lighting in
building
GAFFUR BOLIYA
SHUBHAM SHAH
MUKESH DHAMECHA

Principles of good lighting

Directional lighting should be used wherever possible.
Proper attention should be given to the colour of light as well as
light distribution.
Direct & reflected glare from light sources should be controlled.
Lighting throughout the building should be correlated to prevent
excessive difference between adjacent areas.
Excessive contrast between the illumination levels of the object
may cause visual discomfort.

Daylighting
Daylightingis the practice of placingwindowsor other
openings andreflectivesurfaces so that during the day
natural lightprovides effective internallighting.
Energy savings can be achieved from the reduced use of
artificial lighting.

Daylight Factor

Df = Ei/Eo * 100
Where,
Ei = Illuminations indoor at the point taken
Eo = Illuminations outdoor due to direct sunlight being
executed

Components of day light factor

Sky component
Externally reflected component
Internally reflected component

Sky component
Direct light from a patch of sky visible at the point
considered, known as the sky component
: It is definesd as the ratio of that part of the daylight
illumination at a point on a given plane, which is received
directly from the sky as compared to the simulataneous
exterior illumination on a horizontal plane from the entire
hemisphere of an unobstructed clear design sky.

Externally reflected component

Light reflected from an exterior surface and then reaching
the point considered, known as the externally reflected
component
It is defined as the ratio of that part of the daylight
illumination at a point on a given plane, which is received
by direct reflection from external surfaces, as compared to
the simultaneous exterior illumination on a horizontal
plane from the entire hemishphere of an unobstructed
clear design sky.

Internally reflected component

Light entering through the window but reaching the point
only after reflection from an internal surface, known as
the internally reflected component.
It is defined as the ratio of that part of the daylight
illumination at a point in a given plane, which is received
by direct reflection from internal surfaces as referred to
simultaneous exterior illumination on a horizontal plane
due to entire hemisphere of an unpbstructed clear design
sky.

Principles of Design of
windows

Taller opening gives greater penetrations as sky

component is more for taller window.

Openings in deep reveals tend to minimize glare effects.

Openings must be provided with chajjas.

A no. of smaller openings positioned along the same, adjacent walls will
give better distribution of illumination than a single large opening.

Cont.
Intensity of light can be controlled by making use of
translucent glass planes.
Cross lightning with openings on adjacent walls, tends to
increase the diffused lightning within a room.
If room is 7m or more across, openings on two opposite
walls will give uniformity of internal daylight illumination.

Artificial Illumination
When daylight is not sufficient to give the required levels
of illuminations, daylight will have to be supplemented by
artificial means of illuminations.
Different types are
Incandescent light bulb
Fluorescent lamp

Necessity of Artificial lightning

Due to reduction of daylight beyond design hours, that is,
when dark cloudy conditions occurs.
To provide lightning in innermost part of the building
which doesnt receive sufficient daylight.
Where visual tasks may demand during the day higher
levels of illumination.

Incandescent light bulb

Anincandescent light bulb,incandescent
lamporincandescent light globeis anelectric
lightwhich produces light with a wirefilament heated to a
high temperature by an electric current passing through
it, until it glows
They are manufactured in a wide range of sizes, light
output, andvoltageratings, from 1.5 volts to about 300
volts.

Fluorescent lamp
Afluorescent lampor afluorescent tubeis a low
pressuremercury-vapor gas-discharge lampthat
usesfluorescenceto produce visible light. Anelectric
currentin the gasexcitesmercuryvapor which produces
short-waveultravioletlight that then causes
aphosphorcoating on the inside of the bulb to glow.
Because they contain mercury, many fluorescent lamps
are classified ashazardous waste

THANK YOU