ADVANCED VISUAL

SUPPORT

VISUAL SUPPORT
Introduction.
Principles of Graphic Excellence.
Types of Visuals.
When to use?
Media Selection, Preparation & Usage.
Planning & Execution.
Additional Hints.
Conclusion.
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USE OF VISUALS
Use of Visuals for Hard Parts of the
Speech.
Types to Consider. Audience Size, Cost,
Type of Message & Ease of Preparation.
Technique of Usage. Insert at correct
places, draw attention, highlight
contents, talk to audience and ensure
line of sight.

PRINCIPLES
Emphasis.
Unity.
Balance.
Space.
Scale.
Shades & Colours.
Texture & Pattern.
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TYPES OF VISUALS
Tables.
Organised approach to decision making.
Tables may consist of qualitative &
quantitative data.
Proceed in logical manner and decide
contents of rows & columns.

Graphs.
Line Graph.
Bar Graph.
Horizontal Bar Graph.
Segmented Bar Graph.

TYPES OF VISUALS
Graphs.
Pictographs.
3-D Graphs.
High Low Close Graphs.
Gantt Graphs.
Scatter Graphs.

Others.
Charts, Drawings & Diagrams.
Maps.
Photographs.
Text.

WHEN USED ?
Does the support increase
efficiency?
Does the support increase
effectiveness?
Does the support increase impact?
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GRAPH CLASSIFICATION
Visual

Diagram

Strength

Weakness

Line

Best for showing

trends.

Too many lines

confusing

Bar

Best for comparison.

Often incorrectly
drawn.

Pictograph

Visually interesting.

Not very obvious.

Geographic

Compares
geographic divisions.

Not to scale.

GRAPH CLASSIFICATION
Visual

Diagram

Strength

Weakness

Pie

Best for showing

trends.

Too many lines

confusing

3-D

Best for comparison.

Often incorrectly
drawn.

High-Low-Close

Visually interesting.

Not very obvious.

Compares geographic
divisions.

Not to scale.

Gantt

Scatter
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OTHER CLASSIFICATION
Visual
Table

Diagram

Strength

Weakness

Shows precise
numerical data.

Tedious to prepare.

Good for showing

relationships.

Many items-Large
Chart.

Drawing

Accurate representation of image.

May require special

knowledge & skills.

Diagram

Best for depicting

flows.

May not accurately

reflect details.

Charts

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PROJECT PLANNING &

CONTROL TECHNIQUES
Planning. Involves decision making,
resources, completion timings &
prioritization of tasks and works.

Scheduling.
Timings &sequences for various phases.
Gantt Charts, PERT & CPM.

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SCHEDULE CHART (GANTT)

(HOUSE CONSTRUCTION)
Activities
1. Prepare site, evacuate
& Foundation.
2. Erect walls & roof.
Activities

3. Ground fill.
4. Utilities.
5. Elect & Plumbing.
6. Finishing.
7. Cleaning.
Time
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FUNDAMENTAL NETWORK
3
Select
Sight

Prep Site

5
Obtain

Instln
Generators

License

Design
Plan

Select
Vendor

Select
Personnel

7
Prep Op
Manual

Obtain
License

Train
Operators

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CRITICAL PATH

B
30
1
0 0

A
25

55 55

20

4
75

75

40

25 25

115 115

H
6

8
121 121

10

5
35

70

40

75 110

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OTHER CLASSIFICATION
Visual

Diagram

Map

Strength

Weakness

Shows geographic
data.

Relevant data can

change over time.

Excellent for
portraying pictures.

Requires photographic ability &

eqpt.

Focuses on key words

or phrases.

Requires careful
planning.

Shows motion & on

ground reality.

Requires special
ability & eqpt.

Photograph

Text

Videotape

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MEDIA SELECTION,
PREPARATION & USAGE
Paper.
Presentation. Self explanatory.
Flip Charts. For reference by speakers.
Alternatively, annotate the paper.
OHP. Technique of enlarging the image.
Black Board. Highlight Points or generate
discussion.
Computer Visuals. Versatile support. Animate
visuals.
Videotapes. Planning & experience.

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MEDIA SELECTION
Medium

Audience
Size

Formality

Strengths

Weakness

Cost

Paper

No limit

Formal

Inexpensive,
Flexible

Preparation
Required

Inexpensive

Flip Charts

10-15

Informal

Inexpensive,
Flexible

Reading
Problem

Inexpensive

OHP

100

Informal

Inexpensive,
Focuses Attention.

Easy to
misuse

Inexpensive

Slides

Several 100 Formal

Strong Impact

Dark room
required.

Moderately
Expensive

Blackboard 15-25

Informal

Inexpensive,
Flexible

Colour seldom Inexpensive

used

Computers

3-5

Informal

Current, Flexible

Expensive

Expensive
H/W &
Inexpensive
S/W

Videtape

15-20

Varies with
topic

Show with motion

Limited
Audience

Can be
expensive
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PLANNING & EXECUTION

Define topic.
Determine audience characteristics.
Set learning objectives & goals.
Prepare verbal text of the presentation.
Add the visual support required.
Pretest the package.
Execute your presentation.
Evaluate your performance.
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ADDITIONAL HINTS
Colour.
Simplicity.
Professional.
Environment.

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CONCLUSION

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