MACHINES??

What is a Machine??
Any

device that reduces

human efforts & time in doing
a particular work can be
termed as a machine.

Electrical Machines??
When we talk about electrical machines we

are restricting ourselves to:1)AC Machine, (Transformers, Induction

machine, Synchronous Machine etc.)
2)DC Machine, (DC Generators , DC Motors.)

DC MACHINE
Motor: The device which converts electrical

energy into mechanical energy is called a

motor.

Generator: The device which converts

mechanical energy into electrical is called a

generator.

Basic Principal of
Generators
Faradays law of electromagnetic induction
states that when a conductor or a coil is rotated
in a magnetic field an emf is induced, and if the
coil form a closed loop, currents
starts to flow in it.
Generator always works on
Flemings right hand rule.

Basic Principal of Motors

If a conductor carrying current is placed in a

magnetic field force is act on the conductor.

Motors works on flemings

left hand rule.

Construction of Dc machine

Stator is the static part of machine

Rotor is the rotating part of machine

Constructional features
A

dc machine works as a DC
generator when it is driven by a
prime mover.

The

same machine works as a DC

motor when electrical energy is
supplied to it.

Main parts of DC Machine

Static parts of dc machine

Frame or yoke : yoke made of cast steel.

Outer framed machine protection

Provide the flux path.
Pole :
Pole is made of laminated steel sheet
Pole houses the field winding.

Field winding :
It is cupper wire winding
It is responsible for set up of a field in which armature
rotate.

Pole shoe :
Face of the pole.
Concave shape
Distribute the main flux

INTERPOLE :To neutralize the effect of armature

reaction in the space in between two main poles,
smaller poles, called interpoles .

Rotating parts
The rotating part of the DC machine is also

known as armature.
Shaft :The Shaft houses the cylindrical
armature.
Prime mover is case of generator & load in
case of motor is connect with the shaft.
Commutator& brushes:
1)Convert A.C. of armatures in to DC output in
generator .
2)In motor it convert DC supply into AC.

Commutator

which rotates with the

armature is made from a number of
wedge-shaped hard drawn copper bars or
segments insulated from each other and
from the shaft.
Current is collected from the armature
winding by means of two or more carbon
brushes, mounted on the Commutator.

Complete View of
Machine

Armature core made of laminated steel to

reduce the eddy current losses in core.

Slots are stamped on the periphery of the
armature. The armature slots house the
armature winding.
Armature conductors in the slots are secured
in their places by hard wooden wedges or
fiber glass wedges.

THANKS!!!