Building a Theme Pavilion for the Continent

Africa
Group III

Soumodip Paul
12AR10046

Harshil Pansare
12AR10033

Kartik Verma
12AR10022

Major Contents of the Project

Initial Data Analysis
I) Site Analysis
III) Wind

II) Climate Study

IV) Site Zoning

Study and Concept

I) Proximity Analysis
III) Case Study

II) Flow Chart

IV) Area Programming

Concept in Brief
I)

Spatial Concept

II) Structural Concept

III) Circulation Concept

IV) Climatic Concept

V) Energy Conscious Concept

VI) User Behavior Concept

Final Sheets and Descriptions

I)

Plans

III) Section

II) Elevation
IV) 3-Dimensional Views

Site Analysis
The Site Location is Kolkata
Total Site Area= 100m * 70m
= 7000 sq. m
Lake

Site

Floor Area Ratio = 2.5

Maximum Ground Coverage = 40%
Setback for the Site
Front :6m
Sides:3.5m

Road

Site Analysis

Humidity

The Presence of Road on the

South-Eastern Side of the Site acts
a main source of noise. Thus ,the
area facing in front of it must have
a buffer zone like parking and
landscaping to reduce the effect of
noise to the main Pavilion.

Humidity

Lake

Site

Noise

Road

Noise

Presence of Lake on the South

Western side adds to the beauty of
the Site . Placement of Cafeteria
with a possible view of the lake can
define the space well as it also
helps to check the humidity from
entering directly to the Pavilion.

Climatic Study
Kolkata has a Tropical wet-and-dry climate.
Humidity is the most determining factor which
affects most of the things in design.
Because of it , any Structure in this region
needs good ventilation to overcome the sideeffects of humidity.

The annual mean temperature is 24.8C (80F); monthly mean temperatures range from
15C to 30C (59F to 86F).
Summers are hot and humid with temperatures in the low 30's and during dry spells the
maximum temperatures often exceed 40C (104F) during May and June.

Climatic Study
Sun-path Diagram
As seen in the figure , the
sun-path along the East
and West Region has
posed maximum sunlight
over there.
The region needs to be
protected/shaded from
sunlight in order to
reduce the maximum
heat gain in the Structure.
Use of solar panels along
the region can also be
proved effective.

Winds
As seen in the figure , the
sun-path along the East
South and South West
Region is the main
direction of wind flow.

Lake
Site

Road

This Region needs to have

more opening in order to
allow cross ventilation to
reduce the effects of
humid climate.

Planning & Design Recommendations:

Minimize or reduce West faced glazing in order to reduce summer and fall
afternoon heat gain.

Window overhangs (designed for this latitude) or operable sunshades

(extend in summer, retract in winter) can reduce or eliminate air
conditioning.
In this climate air conditioning will always be required,
but can be greatly reduced if building design minimizes
overheating.

Orient most of the glass to the north, shaded by vertical fins, in very hot
climates, if there are essentially no passive solar needs.

Planning & Design Recommendations:

A whole-house fan or natural ventilation can store nighttime
coolth ' in high mass interior surfaces, thus reducing or
eliminating air conditioning .
Good natural ventilation can reduce or eliminate air conditioning in
warm weather, if windows are well shaded and oriented to
prevailing breezes.
Traditional homes in hot humid climates used light weight
construction with open able walls and shaded outdoor
porches, raised above ground .

Use plant materials (ivy, bushes, trees) especially on the west to shade
the structure (if summer rains support native plant growth).

Planning & Design Recommendations:

Use light colored building materials and cool roofs (with high
emissivity) to minimize conducted heat gain.

Screened porches and patios can provide comfort cooling by

ventilation and prevent insect problems.
High mass interior surfaces like stone, brick, tile, or slate,
feel naturally cool on hot days and can reduce day-tonight temperature swings.

A radiant barrier (shiny foil) will help reduce radiated heat gain through
the roof in hot climates.

Zoning
The Site which is 100m
X 70m is divided into 4
main zone-each has a
defined characteristics
based on the
environment nearby .
They are as follows:
Zone A
Zone B
Zone C
Zone D

Zoning
Zone A
Noise Pollution is
prevalent in the area .
So it can act as a
buffer zone between
the main pavilion and
roadside noise.
Immediate access to
site
Zone A consists of
Parking , Shops etc

Zoning
Zone B
Pleasant View of the
Lake.
Cool Breeze Coming
from the lake side.
Humidity High due to
Lake .There is a need
to check it.
Zone B consists of
Cafeteria , Sitting Area ,
Outdoors etc

Zoning
Zone C

Contains Services
and Administrative
Zone

Needs good
Connectivity /Access
to outside and other
environments.

Zone C consists of Office

Spaces, Server Rooms,
Electrical Services,
Security services,
Parking etc

Zoning
Zone D
Noise Pollution is very
less as compared to
other zone , thus
main activity can be
concentrated here.
View to Lake from
Higher Levels.
Zone D consists of
Exhibition Areas,
Main Building Area.

Study and Concepts

Proximity Analysis
The whole site contains 4 zones Zone A , Zone B , Zone C and Zone D.
Zone A- Parking Spaces(Including public parking only).
Zone B-Cafeteria , Sitting Area ,Outdoor including landscaping . It is also adjacent to Zone B
, as it comes at the exit of it and also well connected to Zone A.
Zone C-Administrative Offices(Includes Directors Room and Office),Services Room like
Electrical Room , Maintenance Workshop, Toilet for Public and Parking for Office Staff .
This zone is well adjacent to Zone D, as it is needed not only for convenience for Office
staff but also will be a great help in case of Fire/Emergency.
Zone D-It contains the main Exhibition Area and Main Building Area . It is adjacent to Zone B
and Zone C ,and connected to Zone A . But Its gallery has been divided into 3 Groups:
I. Geography Section
II. Arts and Culture Section
III. History Section
Apart from these three components , this Zone also incorporates Outdoor Exhibits , Library
and some Shops.

Study and Concepts

Genera
l Lobby

Ticket
Counter

ExhibitionGeography

Exhibition
History

Exhibition
-Arts and
Culture

Proximity Analysis
Librar
y

Repair
Worksh
op

Stores

Cafeteria

Electrical
Room

Generator
s Room

General
Lobby
Ticket
Counter

ExhibitionGeography

ExhibitionHistory

ExhibitionArts and
Culture

Library

Repair
Workshop

Stores

Cafeteria

Electrical
Room

Generators
Room

Outdoor
Exhibits

Sit-outs

1-Very Less Connected

2-Partially Connected
3-Well Connected
4-Adjacent

Outdoo
r
Exhibit
s

Sitouts

Parking
Services

Parking
Public

Toilet

Study and Concepts

Area Programming
Zone C

Zone A
Unit Area

Quantity

Unit Area

Total Area
Director's
Room

Public
Parking

Directors
Office

Net Area

Electrical
Room

Zone B

Maintenance
Workshop
Unit Area
Cafeteria
Sitting Area
Net Area

Quantity

Total Area

Office Toilet
Services
Parking
Public Toilet
Net Area

Quantity

Total Area

Study and Concepts

Area Programming
Zone D
Unit Area

Quantity

Total Area

Total area= value sq. m

Geography
Section

Built Up area= value sq. m

Arts and
Culture
Section

Ground Coverage= value %

History
Section

Floor area Ratio= value

Outdoor
Exhibits
Library
Shops
Cloak Room
Ticket Counter
Lobby
Net Area

Study and Concepts

Flow Chart
The Connectivity between the different spaces is shown here:

Parking

Site Entrance
Service Entrance

Mini
Library

Entranc
e Lobby

Toilets

Administration
Security &
Monitoring

Display Areas
General Store

Server/
Generator/
Electrical
Room

Mini Workshop
Continue

Study and Concepts

Flow Chart
The Connectivity between the different spaces is shown here:

Continue
Sales
Counter

Sales
Counter

Cafeteria and
Food Court

Study and Concepts

Case Study

Seed Cathedral : Shanghai World Expo 2010

Location : Shanghai
Host Country : China
Concerned Country : United Kingdom
TheUK pavilion at Expo 2010, colloquially known as theSeed Cathedral, was asculpture
structure built by a nine member conglomeration ofBritishbusiness and government resources
directed by designerThomas Heather wick. It referenced the race to save seeds from round the
world in banks, and housed 250,000plantseedsat the end of 60,000 acrylic rods, held in place by
geometrically-cut holes with the rods inserted therein.
The structure stood where it was built, at a cost of 25 million, inShanghaifor the2010 World Expo
and won the BIE gold award for best pavilion design.
The cathedral's architecture was an elaboration of Heather wick's 2003 work of theSitooterie IIin
Essex, United Kingdom.
The UK Pavilion catered to over 100 public and private sector events, hundreds of VIP and dignitary
visits and over seven million general public visitors during the 6 months of Expo.

Study and Concepts

Seed Cathedral : Shanghai World Expo 2010:
Better City , Better Life

Case Study
Theme

This was the theme that was set for Shanghai World Expo 2010,and
the UK Pavilion was better known as The Seeds Cathedral. It aims
to showcase Shanghai as a major world financial and cultural Centre.
The UK's contribution to the Expo is a Pavilion designed by Thomas
Heather wick, whose centerpiece "Seed Cathedral" is a six- storey
cube-like structure, pierced by some 60,000 transparent acrylic rods
which quiver in the breeze.

The pavilion is sitting on a landscape that is crumpled and folded

like a sheet of paper, which suggests that the pavilion is a gift
from the UK to China, still partly enclosed in wrapping paper. With
inclined surfaces and lifted edges forming a gentle amphitheater,
the landscape is entirely carpeted in silvery-grey Astroturf, which
translates the softness of the Seed Cathedral into a more tactile
softness underfoot and invites you to sit anywhere, lie down or
even play, rolling down the slopes. Its atmosphere of intimacy
and ambiguity of purpose allows people to treat the space like a
village green, invoking the UKs record as a pioneer of the
modern public park.

Study and Concepts

Seed Cathedral : Shanghai World Expo 2010:

Case Study
Features

The whole structure is made on the basic idea of Seed .

The pavilion will house the largest collection of wild plant
seeds in the world - Kews Millennium Seed Bank
partnership - displayed in the end of the transparent rods.
Furthermore , the idea of introducing seed was because it
was the basic starting point of growth.
The six-storey pavilion is pierced by 60,000 transparent
rods. These 7.5 meter rods are unique and provide a
transparent look.

Study and Concepts

Seed Cathedral : Shanghai World Expo 2010:

Case Study
Features

These rods have a unique characteristic i.e. it act as fiber

optic filaments during the day, illuminating the interior of
the pavilion with natural light. At night the rods transport
the light from the inside to the exterior, allowing the
structure to glow . Hence , one of the feature of green
building in its kind.
The surrounding faceted landscape provides space for public
events and also offers shelter for visitors.

Concepts in Brief

Spatial Concept
The structure has always have a special attachment to its
spaces, and vice versa. In order to make a building fully
accomplished both the outer and inner environments
interrelation must be justified. So ,in our case the inner and
outer spaces have a association with African art ,culture ,
history as well as its Geography.

The inner circulation pattern has been

inspired by some of the ancient Africa
adinkran symbols, which are also symbolic
to the spaces.

The spaces have been placed from the

basic known notion Known to Unknown".
So, the Geography section which is the most
known space has been placed first , after
that, come the art and culture which is a bit
common and at last comes the History and
Culture Section.

Concepts in Brief

Structural Concept
Structural Systems always form a important element in
Building Design, as they not only determine the strength
of the structure but also can play a very important role in
the aesthetics of the building form. Various Structural
Form are available that can help to reduce artificial
lighting, make the building more greener etc.

A Replica of Egyptian Pyramid has been

incorporated into the very center of our
Pavilion. The Pyramid is made from
combination of steel frames and trusses put
together to hold the structure up.
The Pavilion has been given Flying Bird like
form which symbolizes that African
development will take a quantum leap from
what it is now.

Concepts in Brief

Circulation Concept

Designing circulation areas is about making building components and

spaces accessible in the horizontal and vertical direction while taking into
account a wide variety of requirements. When architects make it into the
pivotal element of their concepts, they often create compelling yet
surprising room constellations: Spectacular lifts and escalators, unusual
floor plan arrangements or stairway sculptures that define the space
provide staging for the required pathways. Circulation areas take on the
characteristics of an amenity and become an exciting spatial experience
as well as a crucial criterion of a successful design.
The inner circulation pattern has been inspired by
some of the ancient Africa adinkran symbols, which
are also symbolic to the spaces.
The Exhibits are kept at changing levels so that its
creates a curiosity amongst the users.
The Pattern of Circulation is kept meandering type
just like the flow of river Nile that meanders while it
flows from Egypt.

Concepts in Brief

Climatic Concept
The integration of climate data is a driving factor in the design of
new buildings, as well as in the renovation of existing buildings.
Practicing climate responsive design will result in an integrated
and efficient approach to designing resilient structures. Just as
flora and fauna adapt to their surroundings and create sustaining
ecosystems, we too are learning how to design buildings that
respond to their climate and are living rather than consuming.

Because of the Humidity Factor associated

with the environment ,Ventilators are
provided with an increased number at
south and south-west to increase suction
and release.
Rooftop even have openings for light to
come in, thus, reducing artificial light
during daytime.

Concepts in Brief

Energy-Conscious Concept
The Buildingsthat seeks to minimize the negative environmental
impact of buildings by efficiency and moderation in the use of
materials, energy, and development space will always prove to
be a more greener and energy conscious in todays field of
Architecture and will always be preferred. Sustainable
architecture uses a conscious approach to energy and ecological
conservation in the design of the built environment.

Proper use of energy and environmental

components: Firstly, the environmental
components like air, water and natural resources
are used in the most efficient way. Mainly
renewable energy is used in such constructions.
Energy sources, which can result to be harmful
for the environment will be avoided. Heat
recovery ventilators and geothermal heat pumps
are used to save energy.

Concepts in Brief
Maintenance of the indoor of the buildings: Green
buildings assure to be naturally ventilated and
ventilating system is such that it does not harm
the other neighboring buildings. Smoking areas
are tried and constructed outside the building or
are build in such a way that the smoke does not
affect the environment of any other parts of the
building. The use of the daylight is maximized.
Biodegradable and natural friendly cleaning
machineries are used.
Eco-Friendly materials used for construction: The
engineers of these buildings try to ensure that
the materials and resources used are
environmental-friendly. From building materials
to the interior furniture, everything is mostly
made through recycling of products. 'Waste
reduction plans' are carried out by the engineers
and team.

Energy-Conscious Concept

Concepts in Brief

User Behavior Concept

Behavior analysis is rooted in the behaviorist tradition and utilizes

learning principles to bring about behavior change. Behavior analysis
has robust practical applications in mental health treatment and
organizational psychology, particularly when focused on helping
children and adults learn new behaviors or reduce problem
behaviors.Even it helps Researchers/Developers/Architects to carry
out their research and get the condition of suitable adaptability that
user can cope up with.
Meandering the circulation path and allowing the
user to interact with the spaces by changing the
common direction.
Keeping the Exhibits at varying levels generates
curiosity amongst user.
Changing the color of the walls with respect to
interval/events.
Allowing user to interact with some artificial exhibits
using technology