A Seminar Presentation

on
Single Point Incremental Forming
Presented by:
Dharminder singh
Roll No. 801381023

Copyright 2013-2014

Under the Guidance of:

Dr. Anirban Bhattachrya
Assistant Professor, MED

Thapar University, Patiala

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Overview

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Methods of sheet metal processes such as stretching,Shearing, blanking, bending, deep

drawing, redrawing are introduced.
Sheet metal forming is a process that materials undergo permanent deformation by cold
forming to produce a variety of complex three dimensional shapes

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Classification of sheet metal forming :

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Fig2:- Stress system in (a) sheet processes and (b) bulk processes.
In sheet deformation
processes
In bulk deformation processes
(i.e., sheet metal forming, vacuum
(i.e. forging, rolling and extrusion),
forming, blow moulding),
the
the workpiece
is subjected to
workpiece is subjected
to two
triaxial stresses,
which are
dimensional
biaxial stresses.
normally
compressive.

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State of stress in sheet forming

Forming method
Great variety of sheet metal forming
methods
Progressive forming

Rubber hydro forming

Bending and contouring

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Forming method
Spinning processes

Explosive forming

Stretch forming

Deep drawing
Single Point Incremental
Forming

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The sheet is marked with a close packed

array of circles using chemical etching or
photo printing techniques.

The blank is then stretched over a punch,

resulting in stretching of circles into
ellipses.

The major and minor axes of an ellipse

represent the two principal strain directions
in the stamping.

The percentage changes in these strains are

compared in the diagram.

Comparison is done in a given thickness of

the sheet.

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The Forming limit diagram FLD

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Single point incremental forming

Single Point Incremental forming is a

flexible sheet metal forming process which
uses simple generic and cheaply made
tools to locally deform a sheet of metal
along a predefined tool path.

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Literature review

Title of
paper

The accuracy
improvement of
machine tools
[10]

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Author
name

Kurtoglu A

Journal

Annals of
the CIRP

Year;
vol:
page
no.

Errors measured
using optical
interferometer
and other
gauges.

Geometric and
tool deflection
errors
considered.

Rigid body
kinematics used.

Manual
calculations.

70% accuracy
increase
possible.

1990; 39:
417419

Literatur
e Gap

Key points

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Literature review contd.

Title of
paper

A comprehensive
method for
calibration of
volumetric
positioning
accuracy of CNC
machines [11]

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Author
name

Lee ES
Suh SH
Shon JW

Journal

Internationa
l Journal of
Advanced
Manufacturi
ng
Technology

10

Year;
vol:
page
no.

1998; 14:
4349

Key points

Rigid body
kinematics.

Experiment
performed at
three different
temperatures.

Algorithms
developed for
linear and
circular path
compensation.

Accuracy
increased from
20m to
5m.

Literatur
e Gap

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Literature review contd.

Title of
paper

Derivation of
machine tool
error models and
error
compensation
procedure for
three axes
vertical
machining center
using rigid body
kinematics [5]

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Author
name

Okafor AC
Ertekin YM

Journal

Internationa
l Journal of
Machine
Tools &
Manufactur
e

11

Year;
vol:
page
no.

2000; 40:
11991213

Literatur
e Gap

Key points

Milacron Sabre
750 VMC used.

Rigid body
kinematics.

Geometric and
thermal errors
considered.

Empirical model
developed.

Real time error

compensation.

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Literature review contd.

Title of
paper

Tool path
accuracy
enhancement
through
geometrical error
compensation [1]

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Author
name

Nojedeh MV
Habibi M
Arezoo B

Journal

Internationa
l Journal of
Machine
Tools &
Manufactur
e

12

Year;
vol:
page
no.

Key points

Geometric
errors
considered.

Rigid body
kinematics.

Software to
calculate error
vector.

Software to
modify NC
codes.

Accuracy
increased eight
to ten times.

2011; 51:
471482

Literature
Gap

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Literature review contd.

Title of
paper

Tool deflection
and geometrical
error
compensation by
tool path
modification [12]

Thapar University

Author
name

Habibi M
Arezoo B
Nojedeh MV

Journal

Internationa
l Journal of
Machine
Tools &
Manufactur
e

13

Year;
vol:
page
no.

2011; 51:
439449

Key points

Geometric
errors and tool
deflection
considered.

Rigid body
kinematics.

Software to
calculate error
vector.

Software to
modify NC
codes.

Accuracy
increased eight
to ten times.

Literature
Gap

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No
.

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Literature review contd.

Title of
paper

Author
name

Dimensional and
geometrical
Soori M
errors of threeaxis CNC milling Arezoo B
machines in a
Habibi M
virtual machining
system [3]

Journal

Computer
Aided
Design

Year;
vol:
page
no.

Key points

Virtual
machining
system
developed.

Simulation of
actual
machining in
virtual
machining
system.

2013; 45:
13061313

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81.8%
compatibility.

Literature
Gap

Contribution
of each type
of errors
need to be
analyzed.

General
error model
is required.

New
techniques
can be
implemente
d for error
modeling.

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References
[1] Nojedeh MV, Habibi M and Arezoo B. Tool path accuracy enhancement through
geometrical error compensation. International Journal of Machine Tools &
Manufacture
2011; 51: 471482.
[2] General Cutting Tools, http://cuttingtoolschicago.com/metalcuttingtools/tag/toolrigidity/ (2010, accessed 13 May 2014).
[3] Soori M, Arezoo B and Habibi M. Dimensional and geometrical errors of three-axis
CNC milling machines in a virtual machining system. Computer Aided Design 2013;
45:
13061313.
Linear Stage Terminology, http://www.aerotech.com/media/247131/section%202_Linea
r%20stage%20terminology.pdf (accessed 13 May 2014).

[5] Okafor AC and Ertekin YM. Derivation of machine tool error models and error
compensation procedure for three axes vertical machining center using rigid body
kinematics. International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture 2000;
1199
1213.
[6]

40:

Khan AW and Wuyi C. Systematic geometric error modeling for workspace volumetric
calibration of a 5-axes turbine blade grinding machine. Chinese Journal of Aeronautics
2010; 23: 604615.

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[4]

References contd.
[7] Schwenke H et al. Geometric error measurement and compensation of machinesAn
update. CIRP Annals- Manufacturing Technology 2008; 57: 660-675.
[8]

Lee JH and Yang SH. Measurement of geometric errors in a miniaturized machine tool
using capacitance sensors. Journal of Materials Processing Technology 2005; 164165:
14021409.

[9]

Cincinnati Milacron - SABRE 750 Machine Centre, http://www.dmsf.ust.hk/emfmm/

cc750.html (accessed 13 May 2014).

[10] Kurtoglu A. The accuracy improvement of machine tools. Annals of the CIRP 1990; 39:
417419.

[12] Habibi M, Arezoo B, and Nojedeh MV. Tool deflection and geometrical error
compensation by tool path modification. Internal Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture
2011; 51: 439449.

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[11] Lee ES, Suh SH and Shon JW. A comprehensive method for calibration of volumetric
positioning accuracy of CNC machines. International Journal of Advanced
Manufacturing Technology 1998; 14: 4349.

Copyright 2013-2014

THANK YOU

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