PLACE AND MANNER OF

ARTICULATION
PHONOLOGY
4TH WEEK MEETING
SITI AFNI AFIYANI, M.
HUM

CORE DISCUSSION
VOWEL - CONSONANT
PLACE OF ARTICULATION
MANNER OF ARTICULATION

VOWEL - CONSONANT

What is Vowel?
What is Consonant?

Vowel
A speech sound produced with a
(relatively) unimpeded air stream
_open-ish_
Consonant
A speech sound produced with air
stream impeded, constricted,
diverted, or obstructed
_closed-ish_
5

Thinking about sounds

Say mmmm where is the m sound

produced?
Pinch your nose what happens?
Put your fingers in your ears what do you
hear?

Its a bilabial consonant (this is the

place of articulation)
It stops: its a nasal (not an oral)
consonant
The vibrations of the vocal cords:
its a voiced consonant

Place of Articulation

Its about
Where the sound produced
WHERE in the vocal tract, the
constriction is being made

Place of Articulation
Place of contact
creating the
obstruction in making
the consonant

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Bilabial
Labial Dental
Dental/Interdental
Alveolar
Palatoalveolar
Palatal
Velar
Uvular
Glottal

Place
Bilabial: w/ both lips

[b], [p], [m], [w]

Labiodental: w/ lower lip and upper teeth

[f], [v]

(Inter-)dental: tip of tongue btw. the teeth

[] thin, [] then

Alveolar: tongue tip on alveolar ridge

[t], [d], [n], [l], [s], [z]

Place
(Alveo-)Palatal: w/ tongue at or near hard
palate

Alveopalatal: [] shill, [] azure, [] church, [] jill

Palatal: [j] you

Velar: w/ tongue at or near soft palate, or

velum

[k], [g], [] king

Glottal: produced at the larynx

[/] uh-oh, [h]

liquid
liquid

Manner of Articulation

14

Its about
How the sound is made
HOW the air is being modified as it
moves through the vocal tract?

15

Manner
Stop: full obstruction in oral cavity
(w/ velum raised/closed)

[p], [b], [t], [d], [k], [g], [/]

Fricative: partial obstruction w/

turbulence

[f], [v], [] , [], [s], [z], [], []

Affricate: stop followed by fricative

[], []

Manner
Nasal: full obstruction in oral cavity w/
velum lowered/open

[m], [n], []

Liquid: constriction but no turbulence

[l] = lateral liquid

[r] = retroflex liquid

Glide: slightly more constriction than a

vowel

[w], [j] (and shows additional evidence of

consonantness: patterns with
consonants)

Manner

liquid
liquid

GUESS!!!

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What sound is produced?

lips

upper teeth

lower lip

upper teeth
tip of tongue

alveolar ridge

tip/blade of tongu

velum

back of tongue

Some manners of articulation:

plosives (think explosion) or
stops

Fricatives (think friction)

Oral

Nasal

(Velum is lowered, allowing air

to enter the nasal cavity)

Nasals

Other consonants
Affricates (a combination of stop +
fricative):

= voiceless post-alveolar affricate

= voiced post-alveolar affricate
Approximant (articulators approach each
other but do not touch):

w r j

Lateral (also called lateral approximant;

air flows over sides of tongue):

Summary of Places of
Articulation

Bilabial (lips) p b m w
Labiodental (lips and teeth) f fine v
vine
Dental (tongue and teeth) thin
then
Alveolar (tongue and alveolar ridge)
tdsznl
Palato-alveolar (tongue and front part
of hard
palate) shoe measure cheap
jeep r
Palatal (tongue and hard palate) j yes

Summary of manners of
articulation
Plosive / Stop p b t d k g
Fricative f v s z h
Affricate (stop + fricative)
Nasal m n
Approximants w r j (central) l
(lateral)