Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Tabla de Contenido
Introduccin
1. Planteamiento del problema
2. Justificacin
3. Marco de referencia
4. Hiptesis
5. Objetivo general
6. Objetivos especficos
7. Metodologa
8. Cronograma
Introduccin
Introduccin
PAVIMENTO
3 - 5%
89,5 92,5%
4,5 5,5%
Asfalto
Vacos
Agregados
Introduccin
ASFALTO
Fuente: INVIAS, Especificaciones del Cemento Asfltico. Artculo 410-13. Tabla 410-1
36 % carreteras
pavimentadas
REGULARES,
MALOS y
MUY MALOS
Fuente: Estado de la red vial mediante criterio tcnico a Julio de 2013 - INVIAS
Fisuramiento
por Baja T
Fisuramiento
por Fatiga
Ahuellamiento
Fuente: Superior Performing Asphalt Pavements (Superpave): The Product of the SHRP Asphalt
Research Program SHRP-A-410
PG 64 - 22
Grado de
Desempeo
(Performance
Grade)
Mnima temperatura
en el pavimento
Promedio de 7 das de mxima
temperatura en el pavimento
10
PG 64 - 22
Fisuramiento
por Baja T
-20
20
Fisuramiento
por Fatiga
60
Ahuellamiento
135
Temperatura de Pavimento, C
11
2. Justificacin. ASFALTO
INVIAS:
- Propiedades fsicas
ASFALTO
SUPER PAVE
- Reologa vs. Temperatura
ASFALTO:
- Propiedades fsicas y viscoelsticas
- Caracterizacin estructural: RMN
- Quimiometra
12
MEZCLA
ASFLTICA
SUPERPAVE:
- Vacos con aire (%)
- Peso especifico bulk
- Gmm
Propiedades volumtricas de la
mezcla, Va, VMA y VFA
Mdulos dinmicos
- Propiedades DINMICAS
- Relaxometra por RMN BAJA RESOLUCIN
- Quimiometra
13
2. Justificacin
Boletn de Agosto de 2014 del Instituto de Hidrologa, Meteorologa y Estudios Ambientales IDEAM la
temperatura media histrica promediada para el periodo (1981-2010) para la zona Andina se encuentra en un
rango de 20 a 29 C
Fuente: Instituto de Hidrologa, Meteorologa y Estudios Ambientales IDEAM
14
2. Justificacin
Molina, D.; Uribe, U.N.; Murgich, J. Partial Least-Squares (PLS) Correlation between Refined Product Yields and Physicochemical
Properties with the 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectra of Colombian Crude Oils. Energy & Fuels, 2007, 21, pp. 16741680.
16
Molina, D.; Uribe, U.N.; Murgich, J. Partial Least-Squares (PLS) Correlation between Refined Product Yields and Physicochemical
Properties with the 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectra of Colombian Crude Oils. Energy & Fuels, 2007, 21, pp. 16741680.
17
Molina, D.; Uribe, U.N.; Murgich, J. Partial Least-Squares (PLS) Correlation between Refined Product Yields and Physicochemical
Properties with the 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectra of Colombian Crude Oils. Energy & Fuels, 2007, 21, pp. 16741680.
18
Ramos, P.; Toledo, I.; Nogueira, C.; Novotny, E.; Vieira, A.; Azeredo, R. Low field 1H NMR relaxometry
and multivariate data analysis in crude oil viscosity prediction. Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory
Systems, 2009, 99, pp. 121126.
19
Peinder, P.; Visser, T.; Petrauskas, D.D.; Salvatori, F.; Soulimani, F.; Weckhuysen, B.M. Partial least
squares modeling of combined infrared, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra to predict long residue properties
of crude oils. Vibrational Spectroscopy, 2009, 51, pp. 205212.
20
Molina V, D.; Uribe, U. N.; Murgich, J. Correlations between SARA fractions and physicochemical
properties with 1H NMR spectra of vacuum residues from Colombian crude oils. Fuel, 2010, 89 (1), pp.
185192.
21
Honorato, H.D.A. et. al. 1H low- and high-field NMR study of the effects of plasma treatment on the oil
and water fractions in crude heavy oil. Fuel, 2012, 92, pp. 6268.
22
Sanchez, M.F.; Ancheyta, J.; Silva, O.G.; Flores, V.S. Predicting SARA composition of crude oil by
means of NMR. Fuel, 2013, 110, pp. 318321.
23
Muhammad, A.; Azeredo, Rodrigo B.d.V. 1H NMR spectroscopy and low-field relaxometry for
predicting viscosity and API gravity of Brazilian crude oils A comparative study. Fuel, 2014, 130, pp.
126134.
24
Latorraca, G.A.; Dunn, K.J.; Webber, P.R.; Carlson, R.M. Low-Field NMR determinations of the
properties of heavy oils and water-in-oil emulsions. Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 1998, 16 (5/6), pp.
659662.
25
Dolinsek, J.; Jeglic, P.; Apih, T.; Lahajnar, G.; Naglic, O.; Sever, A.; Temperature-dependent bitumen
softening studied by NMR. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys, 2000, 33, pp. 16151624.
26
Guan, H.; Brougham, D.; Sorbie, K.S.; Packer, K.J. Wettability effects in a sandstone reservoir and
outcrop cores from NMR relaxation time distributions. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,
2002, 34, pp. 3554.
27
Evdokimov, I.N.; Eliseev, N.Y.; Akhmetov, B.R. Initial stages of asphaltene aggregation in dilute crude
oil solutions: studies of viscosity and NMR relaxation. Fuel, 2003, 82, pp. 817823.
28
Hirasaki, G.J.; Lo, S.W.; Zhang, Y. NMR properties of petroleum reservoir fluids. Magnetic Resonance
Imaging, 2003, 21, pp. 269277.
29
Freed, D.E.; Hrlimann, M.D. One- and two-dimensional spin correlation of complex fluids and the
relation to fluid composition. C. R. Physique, 2010, 11, pp. 181191.
30
Bernin, D.; Topgaard, D. NMR diffusion and relaxation correlation methods: New insights in
heterogeneous materials. Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science, 2013, 18, pp. 166172.
31
Louis, J.A.; Benamsili, L.; Korb, J.P. Probing multi-dynamics of crude oils by high field 2D NMR
DOSY and relaxometry. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2013, 178, pp. 2326.
32
Stapf, S.; Ordikhani, S.A.; Mattea, C.; Kausik, R.; Freed, D.E.; Song, Y.Q.; Hrlimann, M.D. Fluorine
tracers for the identification of molecular interaction with porous asphaltene aggregates in crude oil. S.
Stapf et al., Micropor. Mesopor. Mater, 2014.
33
4. Hiptesis
34
5. Objetivo general
6. Metodologa
Grado
Penetracin
Caracterizacin
INVIAS
Tabla 410-1
Penetracin
Ablandamiento
Viscosidad dinmica
Viscosidad Brookfield
Peso especifico
Solubilidad en
tricloroetileno
Prdida de masa RTFO
Grado SUPERPAVE
Barridos de frecuencia,
deformacin y creep
repetitivo usando DSR
G, G, G* (25 70 C)
Delta ()
G*/sen ()
Barridos de frecuencia a
diferentes temperaturas
Barridos de deformacin para
determinar rangos de
comportamiento lineal
Promedio de r (100, N) y
(3200, N)
Rdiff
Jnr-diff
Quimiometra:
MLR, PLS
Muestreo:
1 cada 15 das
RMN fase
lquida, 1H y 13C
36
3. Marco de referencia.
Molina, D.; Poveda, J. C. Average molecular parameters of heavy crude oils and their fractions using
NMR spectroscopy. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2012, Vol. 84-85, pp. 1-7.
37
6. Metodologa
12 mezclas con asfaltos 60-70
12 mezclas con asfaltos 80-100
RMN en fase
slida
Diseo Marshall
Estabilidad (Kg-f)
Flujo (mm)
Vacos con aire (%)
Peso especifico bulk
Gmm
Mdulos dinmicos
T1
T2
Quimiometra:
MLR, PLS
38
6. Metodologa
Quimiometra:
MLR, PLS
Mtodo de Regresin
Lineal Mltiple - MLR
Mtodo de Cuadrados
Mnimos Parciales - PLS
Y=XB
Y : propiedades fsicas y reolgicas,
X : frecuencias Xi1, Xi2,..., para 1H y 13C,
B : vector de coeficientes
B = (Xt X)-1 Xt Y
Y=X B
Generan nuevos ejes comunes
llamados variables latentes.
X = T P t + E = XA + E
Y = U Q t + E = YA + E
Para predecir:
T* = P
= T*
= Qt
Validacin
39
7. Cronograma
40
Gracias
41
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