DIFFRACTOMETER

Arranged by
Dida Anggiana NIM 1414110
Rista Ristiani
NIM 141411026

NAME OF DEVICE : DIFFRACTOMETER

WHAT IS IN THE DIFFRACTOMETER?

DIFFRACTOMETER TYPE :
1.

X-Ray Diffractometer

X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) merupakan teknik analisis non-destruktif untuk mengeidentifikasi dan
menentukan secara kuantitatif tentang bentuk berbagai kristal, yang disebut fase. Identifikasi
diperoleh dengan membandingkan pola difaksi dengan sinar-X
( http://akudanduniakusajatitik.blogspot.com/2012/06/x-ray-diffraction-part-3.html )
2.

Electron Diffractometer

3.

Neutron Diffractometer

FUNCTION

Diffractometer is a measuring instrument for analyzing the stucture of a material from the
scattering pattern produce when a beam of radiation or particles ( such as X-rays,
electrons or neutrons) interact with it.

(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffractometer)

Diffractometer can be used to determine the phase of the material and the concentration
of the materials .

Diffractometer can also distinguish between crystalline and amorphous material.

Diffractometer also can measure all kinds of randomness , crystal irregularities and
characterization of crystalline materials

Diffractometer also can identify minerals.

http://akudanduniakusajatitik.blogspot.com/2012/06/x-ray-diffraction-part-3.html

HOW IT WORKS
A beam of X-rays with a wavelength (monochromatic light) falls on the
geometrical structure of atoms or molecules of a crystal on the angle . If the
path difference between light reflected from successive field is proportional to
the n-wavelength, then the rays undergo diffraction. Diffraction events may
occur because of the distance of atoms in the crystal and molecular ranged
from 0.15 to 0.4 nm, which corresponds to the spectrum of electromagnetic
waves in the wavelength range of X-rays with photon energy between 3 to 8
keV. According to Bragg's Law, by varying the angle , it can be obtained the
width between the different slit in polycrystalline materials. Then, position angle
and peak intensity of the diffraction can be drawn on a graph results and
obtained a pattern that show the characteristic of the sample..
http://akudanduniakusajatitik.blogspot.com/2012/06/x-ray-diffraction-part-3.html

SAFETY
material that will be analyzed must have the right size and specimen
material should be a material that can be measured with a diffractometer
http://
kimia.ft.uns.ac.id/file/Kuliah/Kimia%20Fisika/Tugas%20I/XRD%20IV.pdf
Time minimizing time around a radiaton source will reduce total
exposure
Distance maximize dstance fram a radiation source to reduce total
exposure
Shielding material used to attenuate radiation and reduce occupational
exposure. For x-Ray, shielding is most often lead.
http://publicsafety.tufts.edu/ehs/xray-diffraction-basic-safety-presentation /