TREATMENT OF SYNTHETICALLY

PREPARED
WATER BY
ELECTROCOAGULATION
Submitted in partial fulfilment of the
requirements
For the award of degree of
Bachelor of Technology
(Chemical Engineering)

Submitted ByRISHAB
KANWAR
ANKIT GOYAL
RUPALI SINGH

TABLE OF CONTENT
1

Objective

Characterstics

Treatment Methods

Electro-coagulation

Materials and Methods

Material and Methods

Parameters

Results

Conclusion

OBJECTIVE
The study deals with the removal of
Methylene Blue dye during the
electro-coagulation process .
Effects of electrolyte concentration,
dye concentration and pH on the decolorization efficiency have been
investigated

WASTE WATER;
CHARACTERSTICS
What is waste water ?
Wastewater is sewage, stormwater, and
water that has been used for various
purposes around the community. Unless
properly treated, wastewater can harm
public health and the environment.

How is waste water generated?

Communities generate waste water from residental
and non residental sources
RESIDENTAL WASTE WATER
black water waste water from toilets
Gray water water from sources except toilet
NON RESIDENTIAL WASTE WATER
Non-residential wastewater in small communities is
generated by such diverse sources as offices,
businesses, department stores, restaurants,
schools, hospitals, farms, manufacturers, and other
commercial, industrial, and institutional entities

What is in waste water?

Waste water is mostly water by weight. Other
material make up only small portion of waste
water

Organisms- bacteria, protozoa

Pathogens- viruses, parasites, and bacteria
Organic matter- proteins, carbohydrates or fats
Oil and grease- fatty organic materials from
animals vegetables and petroleum
Inorganic- minerals, metals and compounds
Nutrients- nitrogen and phosphorus
Solid- settleable, suspended and dissolved
gases- methane, hydrogen sulphite, ammonia etc

EXISTING WATER
TREATMENT METHODS
Chemical systems
- Dependence on Chemicals
- Generate more dangerous side reactions
- Large risk during execution
Biological Systems / Bacteria
- Requires extensive land
- Requires more time (not effective)
- Media should be in accordance with the
characteristics of
bacteria.
Physical System
- Specific and Characteristically

ELECTRO-COAGULATION
Electrocoagulation (EC), also known as short
wave electrolysis, is a technique used for
wastewater treatment, industrial process water,
and hospital wastewater etc.

Electricity-based electrocoagulation technology is

used to remove contaminants that are less
efficient at filtering, microbiology or processing
system with chemicals, such as oil emulsion,
hydrocarbons from petroleum, suspended solids,
and heavy metals without the use of chemicals.

COMPARATION OF EC WITH CONVENTIONAL

TECHNOLOGY
CRITERIA
MECHANIC BIOREMEDIA
CHEMICAL
ELECTRO
AL
FILTRATIO
N

TION

NOT EFFECTIVE

NOT EFFECTIVE

MODERATELY
EFFECTIVE

VERY EFFECTIVE

MODERATELY
EFFECTIVE

MODERATELY
EFFECTIVE

NOT EFFECTIVE

VERY EFFECTIVE

EASE OF
OPERATIONAL

NOT EFFECTIVE

MODERATELY
EFFECTIVE

NOT EFFECTIVE

VERY EFFECTIVE

EASE OF
MAINTENANCE

NOT EFFECTIVE

MODERATELY
EFFECTIVE

NOT EFFECTIVE

VERY EFFECTIVE

OIL
REMOVAL

MODERATELY
EFFECTIVE

MODERATELY
EFFECTIVE

VERY EFFECTIVE

VERY EFFECTIVE

TSS
REMOVAL

MODERATELY
EFFECTIVE

NOT EFFECTIVE

VERY EFFECTIVE

VERY EFFECTIVE

METAL
REMOVAL

NOT EFFECTIVE

NOT EFFECTIVE

MODERATELY
EFFECTIVE

VERY EFFECTIVE

RESULT
INVESTMENT

COAGULAT
ION

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Reactor (16cm 12cm 7cm )

Electrodes (7.5cm 0.03cm 3.5cm. )
Opening between electrodes (3cm )
Effective Volume in Reactor (750 ml)
Effective Electrode Area (52.5 cm2)
Electrode Type (Aluminum)

DYE USED
Methylene blue
Molecular Weight - 319.85222 g/mol
Molecular Formula- C16H18ClN3S
Colour- Sol have a deep blue colour
Odour- Slight odour
Max wavelength- 665nm
Solubility-

In water, 43,600 mg/L at 25 deg C.

A brief description of process

Generally, three main processes occur
serially during electro-coagulation:
(a) electrolytic reactions at electrode
surfaces,
(b) formation of coagulants in aqueous
phase,
(c) adsorption of soluble or colloidal
pollutants on coagulants, and removal by
sedimentation or floatation. The inherent
complexities of the above processes, and
also the presence of secondary processes,

COMPLETE SETUP

EC PROCESS
+

e>

Al3+
Al3+

H2

Polutant
OH-

Anod
a

Al(OH)3

OHCatod
e

PARAMETERS
1 pH
2 Initial dye concentration
3 Effect of electrolyte
concentration
4 Effect of electrolysis time
5 Electrode type
6 Current density

RESULTS

Effect of pH, current density = 4.5 Effect of electrolyte conc. ,

Amp,
current density = 4.5Amp ,dye conc.
NaOH= 2 wt.%, dye conc. = 50mg/L
= 50mg/L

CONTD.

Effect of initial dye conc. ,

current density = 4.5Amp, NaOH= 2
wt.%.

Effect of electrolysis time,

current density = 4Amp, NaOH= 2
wt.%, dye conc. = 50mg/L

CONCLUSION
The enhancement of EC of dye solution (Methylene Blue)
by means of application of electromagnetic field was
studied and the following conclusions were obtained:
EC was affected by pH, the electrolyte concentration, initial
dye concentration and time of electrolysis.
The dye was effectively removed (80%) after 20 min.
The optimum conditions for the removal of MB dye with an
initial concentration of 50 mg/L are: 20 min electrolysis
time, current density of 4Amp.
The optimum electrolyte concentration was found to be 2
wt.%
The optimum pH is 8.

REFRENCES
Mollah, M.Y.A., Schennach, R., Parga, J.R. and Cocke, D.L.
(2001).Electrocoagulation (EC) - science and applications, Journal of
HazardousMaterials, (B84), 2941.
Mollah, M.Y.A., Morkovsky, P., Gomes, J.A.G., Kesmez, M., Parga, J. and
Cocke,D.L. (2004). Fundamentals, present and future perspectives of
electrocoagulation,Journal of Hazardous Materials, (B114), 199210.
Ogutveren, U.B., Goenen, N., Koparal, S., 1992. Removal of dye stuffs
from waste water by Electrocoagulation. J. Environ. Sci. Health, Part A
A27, 12371247
Woytowich, D.L., Dalrymple, C.W., Gilmore, F.W., Britton,M.G., 1993.
Electrocoagulation (CURE) treatment of water containing dyes. Mar.
Technol.Soc. J. 27, 6267.
Alinsafi, A., Khemis, M., Pons, M.N., Leclerc, J.P., Yaacoubi, A.,
Benhammou, A. and Nejmeddine, A. (2005). Electrocoagulation of
textile dyes and textile wastewater, Journal of Chemical Engineering,
(44), 461-470.

CONTD.
Holt, P.K., Barton, G.W., Mitchell, C.A., 2001. The role of current in
determining pollutant removal in a batch electrocoagulation reactor.
In: 6th World Congress of Chemical Engineering Conference Media
CD, Melbourne, Australia.
Holt, P.K., Barton, G.W., Mitchell, C.A., 2001. The role of current in
determining pollutant removal in a batch electrocoagulation reactor.
In: 6th World Congress of Chemical Engineering Conference Media
CD, Melbourne, Australia.
Khanittha Charoenlarp and Wichan Choyphan,2009, Reuse of dye
wastewater through colour removal with electrocoagulation process,
Thailand, August 2009.
Bayramoglu, M., Eyvaz. M. and Kobya, M. (2007). Treatment of the
Textile Wastewater by Electrocoagulation: economicical evaluation.
Journal of Chemical Engineering, (128), 155-161.
Holt, P.K., Barton, G.W. and Mitchell, C.A. (2005). The Future Foe:
Electrocoagulation as a localized water treatment technology.
Chemosphere, (59),355-367.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It is my great pleasure to express my sincere
gratitude to Mr. SACHIN BANSAL for this
deep interest, profile inspiration and
invaluable guidance during the entire
project without which we are not able to
complete this project.
I am also thankful to Mr. RAJEEV SHARMA,
Dr. PANKAJ KUMAR PANDEY & Mrs.
SHIKHA SINGH MITTAL for their cooperation and imparting their experience
to me in this project.