BASIC LEADERSHIP AND

PROFESSIONAL
DEVELOPMENT OF
TEACHERS
NUR SYAZMIMI BINTI SALLEH
NURHAZIQAH BINTI NOR IZAM

TOPIC 1
TEACHING AS A
PROFESSION
CONCEPT

PROFESSION CONCEPT
A profession is a specialized field of
occupation which requires people
with the relevant qualification and
professional training; must be
honest, hardworking, responsible,
and with high moral values; have
autonomy in carrying out duties and
follow code of ethics of the
organization.

 Jacques (2003) stated that a career is

being considered as professional if
the servant (worker) have the
professional autonomy; responsible;
have organization; fair; educated;
skills; self discipline; free; open;
neutral; accountability and highly
educated.

 Lieberman stated that a professional class

career is, providing important services and
have clear goals; using the skills and
intellectual abilities while carrying their
professional jobs; getting special training in
the job field in a certain amount of time;
concern with the quality and highly dedicated
without thinking about the profits or target
solely; expert in their respective field and have
the autonomy in their jobs and responsibility,
have the organization that determine the
criteria for qualifications, have the work ethics
that need to be obeyed by all in the profession.
(Amir Hassan Dawi, 2002 and Sufean Husin,
1996).

 Kizlik (2000), a professional class

career need is able to serve the
community; can make decisions on
the client; have a particular field of
specialization; with the increase in
knowledge; skills and behaviors that
are not owned by non-professionals;
have their own professional
organization; has met the standard
criteria for new members; a program
for the provision of new members;
believed with confidence by the
public; and has authority in practice

 Musgrave (1972), a career is a

professional-class career if the
practitioner is using his knowledge
for the benefit of their clients.

 Flexner (1915) stated that there are

six criteria of professional career:- intellectual involvement in the
operation of
his duties
- practical knowledge belonging
- practicality and clarity of goals
- skills based on knowledge
- oriented to the needs of the
community
- not for personal gain by neglecting
the social

CONCEPT OF
PROFESSIONALISM
Socket in Hawke and Hawke (2002),
professionalism is the practice of
quality and occupational status in
society.
In the modern development era, it
calls for quality improvement in all
areas of social services

 Hammond, Wise and Klein (1999),

profession to serve the public needs
to control the quality.
This is because the public served
rarely know things that we practice
in a profession.
Inappropriate services rendered will
have negative consequences on the
client.

TYPES OF PROFESSION
The occupation is a unique and
important service with clearly
defined aims for the society and
country.
Worker uses a lot of intellectual
capabilities.
Individual has acquired specialized
training.
Expert in the field of occupation and
has autonomy while performing

 Emphasizes service standard and

dedication towards the occupation.
Is a member of an organization and
has autonomy in determining the
value standard.
Follow code of ethics determined by
the organization and profession.
Responsible for all the decisions
undertaken.

MECHANISM IN RETENTION THE

QUALITY OF PROFESSIONALISM
Hammond, Wise and Klein (1999).
The most common are the licensing
and certification accreditation
system extension. For example in the
United States, National Board of
Medical Examiners Examination is
the examination of the medical field
and Architecture Registration Exam is
for architecture field to guarantee
the quality of their profession.

 Have their respective professional

bodies, these bodies usually have
their own set of competence
standards for keeping them in line
with the standards profession
professionalism stage. ( Amir Hassan
Dawi, 2002; Kizlik, 200; Sufean
Hussin; 1996).

TEACHING PROFESSION
A job that require education, skills
and specialized training related to
the role and duties, responsibilities,
nature, character and quality of a
teacher.

IS TEACHER A
PROFESSIONAL?
Teaching is a professional level
career. ( Jacques, 2003; Sachs, 2003;
Menteri Pendidikan, 2000; BPPPDP,
1996; Ibrahim Bajunid, 2000;
Kamarudin Kachar, 2000; amir
hassan Dawi, 2002; Elliot, 2002;
Abdul Rahman dan Zakaria, 2001;
Squires, 1999; Hammond, Wise &
Klein 1999; Seotjipto & Raflid Kosasi,
1999; Wan Mohd Zahid, 1997; Sufean

TEACHING AS A PROFESSIONAL
TASK
have professional training in
respected field.
has the autonomy to determine the
method of teaching in the classroom,
the selection of strategies and
techniques.