Basic Coal Fired Power

Plant

Power Plant Main

Components

Material Handling (Coal and Ash)

Boiler (CFB Boiler)
Steam Turbine
Water & Steam Cycle
Water Treatment
Sootblower, ESP, Dust Suppression
Generator
Electrical Transmission & Distribution
DCS & Local Controller

Material Handling (Coal)

Coal Receiving
Coal Unloading Conveyor
Coal Unloading Tripper
Coal Stock Yard

Coal Handling
Coal
Coal
Coal
Coal
Coal
Coal
Coal

Receving Hopper
Magnetic Separator
Handling Conveyor
Metal Detector
Crusher
Discharge Tripper
Service Bunker

Coal Feeding
Coal Weighing Feeder
Coal Rotary Feeder
Coal Screw Feeder

Material Handing (Ash)

Bed Ash

Bed Ash Cooler

Bed Ash Conveyor
Bed Ash Bucker Conveyor
Bed Ash Tank
Bed Ash Screen
Bed Ash Tank Dust Collector
Bed Ash Recycle Seal Rotary Feeder
Truck Transportation

Fly Ash
Fly Ash Pressure Transporter
Fly Ash Blower
Fly Ash Tank
Fly Ash Tank Vent Filter
Fly Ash Humidifier Rotary Valve
Fly Ash Humidifier
Truck Transportation

Boiler (CFB)

Circulating Fluidized Bed

Boiler
Component :
Wind box and grid nozzle : primary air is fed into wind
box. Air is equally distributed on furnace cross section
by passing through the grid nozzle. This will help mixing
of air and fuel for completed combustion.
Bottom ash drain : coarse size of ash that is not take
away from furnace by fludizing air will be drain at the
bottom ash drain port locating on grid nozzle floor by
gravity. Bottom ash will be cooled and conveyed to silo
by cooling conveyor
High Pressure Blower : supply high pressure air to
fluidize bed material in loop seal so that it can overflow
to furnacee

Circulating Fluidized Bed

Boiler
Cyclone separator : located after furnace exit and
before convective part. Use to provide circulation
by trapping coarse particle back to the furnace.
Fluidized boiler, without this, would be BFB
(Bubble Fluidize Bed), not CFB.
Wing Evaporative : located on upper zone of
furnace.
Fuel Feeding System : solid fuel is fed into the
lower zone of furnace through the screw conveyor
cooling with combustion air.
Refractory : is used to protect the pressure part
from the serious erosion zone, such as lower bed,
cyclone separator

CFB arrangement
CFB Loop :
Furnace or riser
Gas Solid Separation (Cyclone)
Solid Recycle System (Loop Seal)

Convective Heat Transfer / Back

Pass :
Superheater
Gas Air Heater
Economizer

CFB arrangement
Air System :
Primary Air Fan to Gas Air Heater 1
Secondary Air Fan to Gas Air Heater 2
High Pressure Blower to Wind Box

Flue Gas Stream :

Induced Draft Fan, from Bag Filter to Stack

Coal Stream :
Coal Feed :
Fuel Bunker
Bed Bunker
Wall Seal

Coal Ash :
Bottom Ash Bunker
Fly Ash Bunker

CFB Boiler
Water-Steam Circuit :
Economizer
Steam Drum
Evaporator
Superheater

Fuel Flexibility
Some fuels a CFB can fire :
Coal : anthracite, bituminous, sub-bituminous, lignite
Coal residue : bituminous gob, anthracite culm, coal
slurry, mill rejects, washery waste
Wood residue : bark, wood chips, saw dust, forest
residue, demolition waste
Sludge : paper mill, de-inking, municipal, gasifier fines
Municipal waste : refuse derived fuel, garbage, waste
paper, shredded tires
Petroleum product : oil, delayed coke, fluid coke, oil
shale
Gas : off gas, natural, other gases
Agricultural waste : straw, olive waste, husk

Advantage of CFB Boiler

High combustion efficiency
Good solid mixing
Low unburned loss by cyclone
Fly ash recirculation
Long combustion zone

In situ sulfur removal

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Low nitrogen oxide emission

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Power Plant Operation

Cold Start
Normal Operation
Normal Shutdown
Hot Shutdown / Trip
Hot Restart
Malfunction and Emergency

Cold Start

All maintenance work have been completely done

All function test have been checked
Cooling water system is operating
Compressed air system is operating
Water Treatment / Make up water system is operating
Closed Cooling Water System is operating
Turbine Turning is operating
Water Filling / Condensate System in service
Combustion Air System in service / MFT reset
Fly Ash transport in service
Fuel oil & LPG system in service
Feed Water / Main Steam System in operation

 Auxiliary Steam Supply from main steam line / Blow

Down System
Sand & Limestone feeding system
Main Steam Temperature controller in service
Initial ignition of coal / Coal Fuel System
Ash disposal / drainage system start
Condenser vacuum
Shift to 100% coal firing
Turbine bypass start
Turbine start up / synchronization
Auxiliary steam system in service
Start up complete