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Parameters
Contents
General concepts and stiffness of sand
Hookes law
E-moduli from triaxial testing
E-moduli from oedometer testing
Examples on the estimation of E
Stiffness of clays
Undrained clay behavior
Drained clay behavior
Examples on the estimation of E
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Idealizedtypesofstressstrainbehaviors:(a)nonlinearelastic
Model,(b)linearelasticmodel,and(c)elastoplasticmodel
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1
2
E
(1 2 ) Eoed Eoed
1
3
Loose:
E
2
150
ref
p
3
y
ref
p
E
2
500
ref
p
3
y
ref
p
Dense:
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( 13 )
'y x 2 'x
K0
Loose:
E
2
x
x
150
150
p ref
3
p ref
p ref
Dense:
E
2
x
x
500
2
500 ref
ref
ref
p
3
p
p
Thisimplies:
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E E 50
Loose:
2
E oed
3
13
150
ref
p
p
'
x
ref
Dense:
500
ref
p
p
'
x
ref
p ref 100kPa
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EE
ref
'x
p ref
'x
Loose: E 15MPa ref
p
'
x
Dense: E 50MPa
p ref
Unloading:About4timesstiffer.small
Layer1(extremelyloosesand
MohrCoulombmodel:
/
Layer1: y 0 70kPa
Average
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'y 95kPa
ref
E 50
15MPa
'y 50kPa
'x 50kPa
E 50 15000
0.5 10000kPa
Unloading:
Layer 3 (medium):
Mohr-Coulomb
model:
Layer 1:
2 1.5 55kPa
'
y
E 4 45000
Layer 3:
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'x 10kPa
E 50ref 30MPa
'
27.5
100
'x 27.5kPa
95000kPa
qc
Correlation: E oed qc
Literature
NC-Sand: = 1 to 3
Vermeers
Experience: = 3
Alternatively: Eoed (30 10) qc p ref
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15000Cu
Ip%
Normallyconsolidatedclay:
E u50
Cu=undrainedshearstrength(orSu)
E u50 3G50
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Duncan&Buchignani(1976)
Determination of Soil Stiffness Parameters
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Do not use empirical relationships only. Get good quality experimental data from lab tests, cone
penetration tests and vane tests
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