Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
02/12/10
Mass Balances
Objectives
Material and Energy Balances
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Mass Balance
Material and Energy Balances
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General Balance Equation
Material and Energy Balances
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General Balance Equation
Material and Energy Balances
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Forms of Balance Equations
Material and Energy Balances
• Differential Form
– All the terms are rates, so the balance describes
an instant in time.
– Usually the best choice for a continuous
process.
– When formulated for an instant in time, the result
is an ordinary differential equation.
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Forms of Balance Equations
Material and Energy Balances
• Integral Form
– (Also called cumulative form) Written using total
amounts as terms, so it describes the overall
effect between two time instants.
– Often a good choice for batch processes.
– In this class, most problems will be differential
balances on steady state systems. Consequently,
accumulation will usually be zero.
– The flow terms can usually be easily identified
from the problem statement. If the process is
batch, these may be zero.
– Production and consumption are almost never
present when balancing total mass, and are only
present in component balances when reaction
occurs.
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Example – Mixing tank
Material and Energy Balances
F2 40
F1 Ib/hr C F3
100 Ib/hr 150 Ib/hr
50wt% A 75% A
50wt% B F4 25% C
Product
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Example – Mixing tank
Material and Energy Balances
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Example – Mixing tank
Material and Energy Balances
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Example – Mixing tank
Material and Energy Balances
0 = F1 x A1 + F2 x A 2 + F3 x A3 − F4 x A 4
= 100 × 0.5 + 40 × 0 + 150 × 0.75 − 290 x A 4
• Solving for xA4 , we get xA4 = 0.56 lbm A/lbm
0 = F1 xB1 + F2 xB 2 + F3 xB 3 − F4 xB 4
= 100 × 0.5 + 40 × 0 + 150 × 0 − 290 xB 4
• Solving for xB4 , we get xB4 = 0.17 lbm B/lbm
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Example – Mixing tank
Material and Energy Balances
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Example – Mixing tank
Material and Energy Balances
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Example – Mixing tank
Material and Energy Balances
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Example – Integral form
Material and Energy Balances
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Mass balances
Material and Energy Balances
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Mass balances
Material and Energy Balances
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Mass balances
Material and Energy Balances
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Mass balance - Guidelines
Material and Energy Balances
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Conclusions
Material and Energy Balances
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