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MALAYAN COLLEGES

LAGUNA

CONICS
Definition:
The conic sections, also called conics, can be
obtained by intersecting a double-napped
circular cone with a plane.
By varying the position of the plane, we obtain
a circle
an ellipse
a parabola
a hyperbola

CONICS
Figures:

CONICS
Figures:

CONICS
Degenerate conics are obtained if the plane
intersects the cone in only one point or along either
one or two lines that lie on the cone.
By varying the position of the plane, we obtain the
degenerate conics
Point
Line
Two intersecting lines

CONICS
The general quadratic equation

Ax 2 Cy 2 Dx Ey F 0
represents a conic.
If A 0, C 0 and AC > 0 then the conic
section is an ellipse.
If A 0, C 0 and AC < 0 then the conic
section is a hyperbola.
If A 0 and C=0, then the conic section is a
parabola.
If A = 0, C 0 then the conic section is a
parabola.

PARABOLA
Definition:
A parabola is the set of all points in a plane
equidistant from a fixed point called focus and
a fixed line called directrix that lie in the
plane.

PARABOLA
Definition:
A parabola is the set of all points in a plane
equidistant from a fixed point called focus and
a fixed line called directrix that lie in the
plane.
A parabola with vertex at the origin, a focus at
(0, p), and with directrix y = -p is defined by
the equation
x 2 4 py

A parabola with vertex at the origin, a focus at


(p, 0), and with directrix
x = -p is defined by
2
y 4 px
the equation

PARABOLA

Examples:
Write the equation of the parabola with vertex
at the origin and the focus at (0,4). Graph.
A parabola has its vertex at the origin , its axis
along the x-axis, and passes through the point
(-3,6). Find its equation.
The equation of a parabola is x2= -6y. Find the
coordinates of the focus, the equation of the
directrix, and the length of the latus rectum.

PARABOLA
Examples:
Write the equation of the parabola with vertex
at the origin that satisfies the given conditions:
Focus at (3,0)
Focus at (0,3)
Focus at (-4,0)
Focus at (0,-3)
Directrix is x+4=0
Directrix is y-4=0

PARABOLA
Exercise:
Write the equation of the parabola with vertex
at the origin that satisfies the given conditions:
1. Focus at (3,0)
2. Focus at (0,-3)
3. Directrix is y-4=0
4. The length of the latus rectum is 8 and the
parabola opens upward.
5. The focus is on the x-axis and the parabola
passes through the point (3,4)
6. The parabola opens to the left and passes
through the point (-3,4)

PARABOLA
Exercise:
Write the equation of the parabola with vertex at
the origin that satisfies the given conditions:
The length of the latus rectum is 10 and the
parabola opens to the right.
The length of the latus rectum is 8 and the parabola
opens upward.
The focus is on the x-axis and the parabola passes
through the point (3,4)
The parabola opens to the left and passes through
the point (-3,4)

PARABOLA WITH VERTEX AT (H, K)


Theorem:
The equation of a parabola with vertex at (h, k) and focus at
(h + p, k)

y k 2 4 p x h

The parabola opens to the right if p > 0 and opens to the left
if p < 0.
The equation of a parabola with vertex at (h, k) and focus at
(h, k + p)

x h

4 p y k

The parabola opens upward if p > 0 and opens downward if


p < 0.

PARABOLA WITH VERTEX AT (H, K)


The two equations showing
2 the vertex are said to be in
y k 4 p x h
standard form.

x h 2 4 p y k

If the equation is in standard form, its graph can be quickly


sketched.
The vertex and the endpoints of the latus rectum are sufficient
for a rough sketch.
The plotting of a few additional points would, of course,
improve the accuracy.

PARABOLA WITH VERTEX AT (H, K)


The equation in standard form is quadratic in one variable and
linear in the other variable.
If we perform the indicated squares and transpose the terms on
the right side then we obtain the general forms

x 2 Dx Ey F 0
2

y Dx Ey F 0

PARABOLA WITH VERTEX AT (H, K)


Examples:
Draw the graph of the equation
x 2 6 x 8 y 25 0

Construct the graph of the equation

y 2 12 x 6 y 51 0
A parabola whose axis is parallel to the y-axis passes
through the points (1, 1), (2, 2), and (-1, 5). Find its
equation

PARABOLA WITH VERTEX AT (H, K)


Exercise:
Draw the graph of
the equation
2
x 4 x 10 y 26 0
Construct the graph
y 2 6ofx the
8 yequation
12 0

A parabola whose axis is parallel to the y-axis passes


through the points (1, 1), (2, 2), and (-1, 5). Find its
equation

PARABOLA WITH VERTEX AT (H, K)


Examples:
Write the equation of the parabola that satisfies the given
conditions:
Vertex at (3, 2), focus at (3,4)
Vertex at (4, 1), x = 2 as directrix
Vertex at (4, -2), latus rectum 8, opens to the right
Vertex at (3, -2), ends of latus rectum (-2, ), (8, )
Focus at (2, -3), x = 6 as directrix
Vertex at (3, -4), axis horizontal, passes through (2, -5)

PARABOLA WITH VERTEX AT (H, K)

Exercise:
Write the equation of the parabola that satisfies the given
conditions:
Vertex at (3, -2), focus at (3, -8)
Vertex at (4, 1), y = -3 as dirextrix
Vertex at (1, 2), latus rectum 10, opens downward
Vertex at (2, 1), ends of latus rectum (-1, -5), (-1, 7)
Focus at (-2, 2), y = 4 as directrix
Vertex at (-1, -2), axis vertical, passes through (3, 6)
Axis horizontal, passes through (1, 1), (1, -3), and (-2, 0).
Then, sketch the graph.

APPLICATIONS OF PARABOLA
An important property is associated with a tangent line to a
parabola.

The angle of reflection is equal to the angle of incidence .

APPLICATIONS OF PARABOLA
The reflective property has many applications.
The shape of a mirror in a search light is obtained by revolving a
parabola about its axis.
The focus of the paraboloid is the same as the focus of the generating
parabola.

APPLICATIONS OF PARABOLA
The reflective property has many applications.
The same principle is used in the construction of mirror telescopes or
solar ovens.
A beam of light coming toward the parabolic mirror and parallel to the
axis will be reflected into the focus.
Antennas for radar systems, radio telescopes, and field microphones
used at football games also makes use of this property.

APPLICATIONS OF PARABOLA
Examples:
The interior of a satellite tv antenna is a dish having the
shape of a paraboloid that has a diameter of 12 feet and is 2
feet deep. Find the distance from the center of the dish to
the focus.

APPLICATIONS OF PARABOLA

Answer:

APPLICATIONS OF PARABOLA
Examples:
A search light reflector has the shape of a paraboloid, with the light
source at the focus. If the reflector is 3 feet across the opening and
1 foot deep, where is the focus?
A flashlight mirror has the shape of a paraboloid of diameter 4
inches and depth inch. Where should the bulb be placed so that
the emitted light rays are parallel to axis of the paraboloid?
A mirror for a reflecting telescope has the shape of a paraboloid of
diameter 8 inches and depth 1 inch. How far from the center of the
mirror will the incoming light collect?
A satellite antenna dish has the shape of a paraboloid that is 10 feet
across the open end and is 3 feet deep. At what distance from the
center of the dish should the receiver be placed to receive the
greatest intensity of sound waves?

APPLICATIONS OF PARABOLA
Exercise:
A mirror for a reflecting telescope has the shape of a paraboloid
of diameter 8 inches and depth 1 inch. How far from the center
of the mirror will the incoming light collect?
A satellite antenna dish has the shape of a paraboloid that is 10
feet across the open end and is 3 feet deep. At what distance
from the center of the dish should the receiver be placed to
receive the greatest intensity of sound waves?
A suspension bridge cable hangs in a parabolic arch. The bridge is
100m long, the towers are 33m high and the cable is 8m above the
floor of the bridge at the center. How high is the cable 20m from the
end of the bridge?

A flashlight mirror has the shape of a paraboloid of diameter 4


inches and depth inch. Where should the bulb be placed so
that the emitted light rays are parallel to axis of the paraboloid?

APPLICATIONS OF PARABOLA

Examples:
A cable suspended from supports that are the same height
and 600 ft apart has a sag of 100ft. If the cable hangs in the
form of a parabola, find its equation, taking the origin at
the lowest point.
A parabolic arch has a height of 20 m and a width of 36 m
at the base. If the vertex of the parabola is at the top of the
arch, at which height above the base is it 18 m wide??

APPLICATIONS OF PARABOLA
Exercise:
A mirror for a reflecting telescope has the shape of a paraboloid
of diameter 8 inches and depth 1 inch. How far from the center
of the mirror will the incoming light collect?
A satellite antenna dish has the shape of a paraboloid that is 10
feet across the open end and is 3 feet deep. At what distance
from the center of the dish should the receiver be placed to
receive the greatest intensity of sound waves?
A suspension bridge cable hangs in a parabolic arch. The bridge is
100m long, the towers are 33m high and the cable is 8m above the
floor of the bridge at the center. How high is the cable 20m from the
end of the bridge?
A parabolic arch has a height of 20 m and a width of 36 m at the base.
If the vertex of the parabola is at the top of the arch, at which height
above the base is it 18 m wide??

APPLICATIONS OF PARABOLA

Parabolic Reflector (mirror)

APPLICATIONS OF PARABOLA

Parabolic Reflector (solar cooker)

APPLICATIONS OF PARABOLA

Parabolic Reflector (solar cooker)

APPLICATIONS OF PARABOLA

Parabolic Reflector

APPLICATIONS OF PARABOLA

Parabolic Reflector

APPLICATIONS OF PARABOLA

Parabolic Reflector

APPLICATIONS OF PARABOLA

Parabolic Reflector

APPLICATIONS OF PARABOLA

Parabolic Reflector

APPLICATIONS OF PARABOLA

Parabolic Antenna

APPLICATIONS OF PARABOLA

Parabolic Antenna

APPLICATIONS OF PARABOLA
Parabolic microphone
Hear a conversation 300 yards away
Focus on sound in the direction you point the
microphone

APPLICATIONS OF PARABOLA

Answer:

APPLICATIONS OF PARABOLA

Parabolic Cable

APPLICATIONS OF PARABOLA
Parabolic Arch

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