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Cycle Gas
Turbine
A BRIEF REVIEW OF
POWER GENERATION
Thermal Power Plants – as the name suggests, these power
plants convert heat energy into electrical energy. The working
fluid of these plants is mostly steam and they work on the
Rankine cycle.
Hydro Power Plants – these plants use the kinetic energy of
flowing water to rotate the turbine blades, hence converting
kinetic energy into electrical energy.
Nuclear energy – Uses nuclear energy for producing steam which
runs the turbine.
Solar energy – Solar cells, solar heater. and
Wind energy to generate power.
Combined Cycle
Gas Turbine
An important field of study for power plants is that
of the ‘combined plant’. A broad definition of the
Principle :
The Joule-Brayton (JB) constant pressure closed
cycle is the basis of the cyclic gas turbine power
plant, with steady flow of air (or gas) through a
compressor, heater, turbine, cooler within a closed
circuit .
100 35 100 31
Steam Power Nuclear power
plant plant
57
69
15
68
32 100 49
100 Gas cycle plant Combined gas cycle plant
0
36
Efficiency:
A gas turbine generator generates electricity and
the waste heat is used to make steam to generate
additional electricity via a steam turbine; this last step
enhances the efficiency of electricity generation. Most
new gas power plants in North America and Europe
are of this type. In a thermal power plant, high-
temperature heat as input to the power plant, usually
from burning of fuel, is converted to electricity as one
of the outputs and low-temperature heat as another
output. As a rule, in order to achieve high efficiency,
the temperature difference between the input and
output heat levels should be as high as possible
The Brayton cycle is a thermodynamic cycle that describes the workings of the gas
turbine engine, basis of the jet engine and others. It is named after George Brayton
(1830–1892), the American engineer who developed it, although it was originally
proposed and patented by Englishman John Barber in 1791. It is also sometimes
known as the Joule cycle. The Ericsson cycle is similar but uses external heat and
incorporates the use of a regenerator.
The Rankine cycle is a thermodynamic cycle which converts heat into work. The
heat is supplied externally to a closed loop, which usually uses water as the working
fluid. This cycle generates about 80% of all electric power used throughout the world,
[1] including virtually all solar thermal, biomass, coal and nuclear power plants. It is
3) Cogeneration systems make use of the waste heat from Brayton engines, typically
for hot water production or space heating.
Regenerative Rankine cycle
The regenerative Rankine cycle is so
named because after emerging from
the condenser (possibly as a subcooled
liquid) the working fluid is heated by
steam tapped from the hot portion of
the cycle. On the diagram shown, the
fluid at 2 is mixed with the fluid at 4
(both at the same pressure) to end up
with the saturated liquid at 7. The
Regenerative Rankine cycle (with minor
variants) is commonly used in real
power stations.
Rankine cycle with reheat