Sie sind auf Seite 1von 27

Gothic Architecture

Introduction

The style had an evolution:


12th century: origin
13th century: plenitude
14th century until mid 15th century: international
Second half of the 15th century: flamboyant

Gothic Architecture 12 Century 16 Century

When?
Gothic Architecture began towards the
end of Romanesque architecture.
It heralded many changes in design
and appearance of churches, both
inside and out.
Why?
There was a need to progress in the
development of building design. There
was a desire to reach perfection in the
buildings and this perfection was to
resemble Gods relationship with the
universe.
Where?
It began in France. By the end of the
12 Century it reached England and
later on the rest of Europe.

Early Gothic Laon Cathedral, 1160-1205

division into
horizontal and vertical
bands
recessed triple
portals
towers at crossings
and transepts

4 story elevation
sexpartite (6 part) vaults
spanning 2 bays
alternate support system

High Gothic Amiens Cathedral, 1220-1236

3 story elevation

deeply recessed
portals
more tracery, sculpture
&
piercing of walls
play of light & dark

quadripartite (4 part)
vaults
spanning 1 rectangular
bay
no alternate support
system (unified space)
equal height of arcade
&
clerestory

Nave elevations of four French Gothic cathedrals at the same scale


(a) Laon, (b) Paris, (c) Chartres, (d) Amiens.

80'

107'
Early Gothic

118'

144'
High Gothic

Late/Flamboyant Gothic St.-Maclou, Rouen,


named for flame-like
1434-1514
pointed tracery
attached to every
surface

ornamental surface
treatment emphasized
over structural clarity
cavernous portals and
open tracery
five-part facade
crossing towers not
faade towers
much smaller than

Gothic Architecture 1150 1500


What did it look like
outside?
Gothic architecture outside
1. Pointed arches
2. Very linear
3. Tall and slender in
appearance
4. Very decorative
The overall pointed look was
for the church to appear
that it is pointing towards
God and the Heavens.

2
1

Gothic Architecture 1150 1500

What did it look like inside?


Gothic architecture inside
Bright and airy
High ceilings
Very decorative
Lots of windows
Stained glassed windows.
Pointed arches.
Vertical and slender in
appearance.
What are its characteristics
inside?
Ribbed vaults
Pointed arches

The Devil tempting the Foolish


The south transept facade at York Minster Virgins at Strasbourg.

Windows in the Chapter House

The longitudinal emphasis in the nave of Walls

Characteristics of Gothic Architecture


Gothic architecture is characterized by tall
minarets pointed arches, large windows and
stained glass painted with Bible stories.
And the pointed arch, flying buttress and
the long beam-column create a sense of
flying. The majestic appearance the vast
space in the church and the long windows
with stained glass produce a strong
religious atmosphere. The plane of the
church is based on the Latin cross, but
there is a pair of towers added on both
sides of the doors at west.

There are usually


richly carved ,
and deep
doorways in the
western facade
Gothic Style
allowed for
high walls,
allowing
larger
windows,
more light.

The plan is
shaped like a
cross.

It is simply
known as
the Gothic
Arch and
was
reconstructe
d from
cylindrical

POINTED ARCH

Buttress is a supporting
facility to share the
pressure from the main
It is coved with
walls.
complicated
decorates and
elaborate carvings.

The stained glass, covered


with religious stories which
helped to illustrate the
doctrines to illiterate people
of high artistic achievement.
There are two main colors,
blue and red. Blue
symbolizes the heaven and
red symbolizes the
blood of Christ. The
stained glass creates
a mysterious scene,
which express peoples
longing for the STAINED GLASS AT OPERA
CATHEDRAL,ITALY

A vault supported by
or decorated with
arched diagonal ribs
The Gothicvault, can
be used to roof
rectangular and
irregularly shaped plans
such astrapezoids.

The facade of a large


church or cathedral,
often referred to as
theWest Front, was
generally designed to
create a powerful
impression on the
approaching
worshipper,
demonstrating both
the might of God, and
the might of the
institution that it
represents.
-One of the best

Thestatues, the
decoration, stained glass
windows and wall
paintings
toldBiblestories such as
how God created the
world and how he rules
over everything that is in
the universe, the seasons
of the year and the stars
in the sky.

Right Portal of Chartres Cathedral: Throne of


Wisdom

Different building materials were found in different


parts of Europe. This is one of the differences in
the architecture between different places.
In FRANCE, the very fine white limestone was readily
available in several grades.
ENGLAND had coarse limestone, redsandstoneand
dark green
Purbeck marble, used for architectural decorations like
thin columns.
-In ITALY, stone was used for fortifications,
but brick
In Northern
was
Germany,
preferred for other buildings.
Netherlands,
Denmark, Baltic
countries and
northern Poland
there was clay for

PANTHEON
BOTH PLACES OF
CHURCH
WORSHIP

Height

Impression of
verticality

Two large
towers

Gothic Architecture

Extreme length

External emphasis upon the horizontal

Double transepts

Huge size

Modular
nature

Openness

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen