Introduction To Network

Overview
Whats Network ?
Types of Networks
Open System Interconnection Reference Model
(OSI / RM)
Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol
(TCP/IP)
Network Devices
Network Topology
Cabling LAN

?Whats Network
Network is a group of computers connected
with others to share data.

Types of Network
1.
2.
3.

Local Area Network (LAN) is a group of computers

connected with others across limited geographic area.
Wide Area Network (WAN) is a group of computers
connected with others across large geographic area.
Metropolitan Area network (MAN) is a network that
spans a metropolitan area such as a city.

4.

Storage Area network (SAN) is a dedicated, highperformance network used to move data between
servers and storage resources.

5.

Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a private network

that is constructed within a public network infrastructure
such as the Internet.
Intranets and Extranets.

6.

OSI Reference Model

Characteristics of OSI/RM
It contains seven layers.
Each layer has a specific function.
Each layer communicates with its own upper and
lower layer.
Each layer has some network devices operate on it.
Each layer has some network protocols operate on it.

Benefits of the OSI Model

Defines the process for connecting two layers.
Separates a complex function into simpler
components.
Accelerates evolution.

OSI Reference Model

OSI Reference Model

OSI Reference Model

Data Encapsulation means data wrapped with protocol
information at each layer of the OSI model.
To communicate and exchange information, each layer
uses Protocol Data Units (PDUs).

OSI and TCP/IP

OSI Reference Model

Network Topology
Network topology defines the structure of the network.
Logical topology defines how the media is accessed by
the hosts for sending data.
Physical topology is the actual layout of the wire or media.

Network Media
Copper Media
Optical Media
Wireless Media

Copper Media

Copper Media
Coaxial cable support Ethernet (10 Mbps) and
FastEthernet (100 Mbps) there are two types of coaxial
cable.
Thicknet: maximum length 500 m.
Thinnet: maximum length 185 m.

Copper Media
Twisted Pair cable

Copper Media
Twisted Pair cable

Copper Media
Twisted Pair cable

Ethernet Cabling

The types of Ethernet cables available are:

1. Straight-through cable
2. Crossover cable
3. Rolled cable

Straight-through cable
The straight-through cable is used to connect
Host Switch
Host Hub
Router Switch
Router Hub

Rolled Cable

It isnt used to connect any Ethernet

connections together.
It uses only for making a configuration for
routers or switches.